Learning lessons, policy transfer and the international diffusion of policy ideas
Learning lessons, policy transfer and the international diffusion of policy ideas
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吸取教训、政策转移和政策思想的国际传播
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Stone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Stone
关于政策转移、扩散和趋同以及吸取经验教训的文献正在迅速增加。这一领域研究的共同主题是关注“关于一种政治环境（过去或现在）中的政策、行政安排、制度和思想如何用于另一种政治环境中的政策、行政安排、制度和思想的发展的知识”（Dolowitz & Marsh，2000：5我的重点）。与知识行为者的具体重点，本文强调了非国家行为者作为“政策企业家”，并与政府官员和国际组织在国际传播的思想和信息所发挥的作用。第二，它表明，转让是一个过程，往往是在网络内提供便利。第三，融入社会学习的概念有助于解释迁移是否有效。最后，讨论主张更加注重全球性，而不是注重经合组织国家内部或国家之间的转让，以便更多地注意转让的胁迫性质。
The literature on policy transfer, diffusion and convergence as well as lesson drawing is burgeoning. The common theme among studies in this field is the concern with ‘knowledge about how policies, administrative arrangements, institutions and ideas in one political setting (past or present) is used in the development of policies, administrative arrangements, institutions and ideas in another political setting’ (Dolowitz & Marsh, 2000: 5 my emphasis). With the specific focus on knowledge actors, this paper highlights the roles played by non-state actors who act as ‘policy entrepreneurs’ and interact with officials in government and international organisation in the international spread of ideas and information. Second, it suggests that transfer is a process that is often facilitated within networks. Third, incorporating concepts about social learning helps account for when transfer is effective or not. Finally, the discussion advocates a more global focus – rather than the focus on transfer within or between OECD countries – to draw greater attention to the coercive character of transfer.