The gender difference in distraction of background music and noise on the cognitive task performance
The gender difference in distraction of background music and noise on the cognitive task performance
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背景音乐和噪音分散注意力对认知任务表现的性别差异
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yan Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jing Yang;Jing Shi;Huajian Cai;Chuangang Shen;Yan Lin
本研究考察了背景音乐和噪音对认知任务表现的影响，并测试了性别差异。91名参与者完成了两种认知任务（女性53人，男性38人）：一种是简单任务（感知任务），另一种是复杂任务（空间推理任务，分为容易和困难两个级别）。参与者被随机分配到五种背景声音环境中的一种：乡村音乐、爵士音乐、摇滚音乐、交通噪音和寂静。我们使用延迟和错误率作为认知表现。背景声音、认知任务和性别之间存在显著的三向交互作用。背景声音的差异干扰对感知和空间推理任务的表现有显著影响。当有岩石存在时，参与者花更多的时间完成认知任务，当有噪音存在时，他们犯了更多的错误。这种分散注意力的模式只在男性参与者中发现；女性参与者没有被背景声音分散注意力。讨论了这些发现的意义。Keywords-background音乐;认知能力;空间推理任务；知觉任务;性别差异
The current study examined the effect of background music and noise on the cognitive task performance and tested the gender difference. Ninety-one participants completed (53 female, 38 male) two kinds of cognitive tasks: one was simple task (perception task), the other was complex task (spatial reasoning task, which had two levels: easy & difficult). Participants were randomly assigned to one of five background sound conditions: country music, jazz music, rock music, traffic noise, and silence. We used both latency and error rate as cognitive performance. A three-way significant interaction among background sound, cognitive task and gender was found. The differential distraction of background sound was significant on performance of perception and spatial reasoning tasks. Participants spent more time completing the cognitive tasks when in the presence of rock, and made more mistakes when in the presence of noise. This distraction pattern was only found in male participants; Female participants were not distracted by background sound. The implication of these findings was discussed. Keywords-background music; cognitive performance; spatial reasoning task; perception task; gender difference