The Inversion Effect for Chinese Characters is Modulated by Radical Organization.
The Inversion Effect for Chinese Characters is Modulated by Radical Organization.
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汉字的倒置效应是由部首组织调制的
DOI：
10.1007/s10936-017-9484-0
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Zhang Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo C;Chen W;Zhang Y
在视觉物体识别的研究中，强烈的倒置效应伴随着专业知识的获得，并暗示着结构加工的参与。中文读写能力导致对汉字正字法的敏感性。虽然有一些证据表明，这种正字法敏感性会导致反转效应，因此涉及构型加工，但这种加工可能取决于确切的正字法特性。汉字识别被认为涉及一个层级过程，涉及至少两个较低级别的表征：笔画和部首。部首根据某些类型的结构被分组为字符，即左右结构、自上而下结构或只有一个部首的简单字符。这些类型的部首结构在熟悉度和层级(复合字与简单字)上都有所不同。在本研究中，我们考察了词根结构的等级水平或熟悉度是否会对反转效应的大小产生影响。参与者被要求在具有所有结构类型的直立或倒置的字符对上进行匹配。根据反应时间和响应灵敏度来衡量反转效果。虽然在所有3种情况下都观察到了反转效应，但反转效应的幅度因部首结构而异，最常见的结构类型：由从左到右排列的2个部首组成的字符的反转效果显著更大。这些发现表明，汉字识别涉及构形结构提取和部首加工，两者在复合字和简单字的加工中起着不同的作用。
In studies of visual object recognition, strong inversion effects accompany the acquisition of expertise and imply the involvement of configural processing. Chinese literacy results in sensitivity to the orthography of Chinese characters. While there is some evidence that this orthographic sensitivity results in an inversion effect, and thus involves configural processing, that processing might depend on exact orthographic properties. Chinese character recognition is believed to involve a hierarchical process, involving at least two lower levels of representation: strokes and radicals. Radicals are grouped into characters according to certain types of structure, i.e. left–right structure, top–bottom structure, or simple characters with only one radical by itself. These types of radical structures vary in both familiarity, and in hierarchical level (compound versus simple characters). In this study, we investigate whether the hierarchical-level or familiarity of radical-structure has an impact on the magnitude of the inversion effect. Participants were asked to do a matching task on pairs of either upright or inverted characters with all the types of structure. Inversion effects were measured based on both reaction time and response sensitivity. While an inversion effect was observed in all 3 conditions, the magnitude of the inversion effect varied with radical structure, being significantly larger for the most familiar type of structure: characters consisting of 2 radicals organized from left to right. These findings indicate that character recognition involves extraction of configural structure as well as radical processing which play different roles in the processing of compound characters and simple characters.