Sex, Gender, and Cardiovascular Health in Canadian and Austrian Populations
Sex, Gender, and Cardiovascular Health in Canadian and Austrian Populations
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cjca.2021.03.019
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发表时间：
2021-08-24
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Pilote, Louise
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Azizi, Zahra;Gisinger, Teresa;Pilote, Louise
背景：在不同的社会中，区分生物性别和心理社会文化因素(性别)的影响及其与心血管疾病的关系的证据很少。我们在加拿大(CAN)和奥地利(AT)人群中探索了性别、性别和心血管健康(CVH)之间的关系。方法：采用横断面调查设计，对加拿大社区健康调查(CCHS)(n=63,522；女性占55%)和奥地利健康访谈调查(AT HIS)(n=15,771，女性占56%)进行分析。为两个数据库计算CANHEART/ATHEART指数，这是一个衡量理想CVH的指标，由6个心脏代谢危险因素(吸烟、体力活动、水果和蔬菜消费、超重/肥胖、糖尿病和高血压；范围0-6；得分较高反映较好的CVH)组成。计算了每个国家的心理-社会文化性别的综合衡量标准(范围0-1，得分较高，确定传统上归因于女性的特征)。结果：中位数CANHEART 4(四分位数范围3-5)和CAN性别得分0.55(0.49-0.60)与ATHEART 4(3-5)和AT性别得分0.55(0.46-0.64)相似。尽管性别得分较高(CCHS：/3=-1.33，95%可信区间[CI]-1.44~-1.22；AT HIS：/3=-1.08，95%CI-1.26~-0.89)与CVH较差相关，但女性(CCHS：/3=0.35，95%CI(0.33~0.37)；AT-HIS：/3=0.60，95%CI(0.55~0.64))与CVH较好相关。此外，与女性相比，性别得分越高，心脏病患病率越高。在奥地利人中，这种风险的程度更高。结论：这些结果表明，在这两个国家中，具有典型女性特征的个体报告的心血管健康状况较差，心脏病风险较高，独立于生物性别和基线心血管风险因素。在两个人群中，女性都比男性表现出更好的简历健康和更低的心脏病患病率。然而，性别因素和性别影响的大小因国家而异。
Background: Evidence differentiating the effect of biological sex from psychosociocultural factors (gender) in different societies and its relation to cardiovascular diseases is scarce. We explored the association between sex, gender, and cardiovascular health (CVH) among Canadian (CAN) and Austrian (AT) populations. Methods: The Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) (n = 63,522; 55% female) and Austrian Health Interview Survey (AT HIS) (n = 15,771; 56% female) were analyzed in a cross-sectional survey design. The CANHEART/ATHEART index, a measure of ideal CVH composed of 6 cardiometabolic risk factors (smoking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, overweight/obesity, diabetes,and hypertension; range 0-6; higher scores reflecting better CVH) was calculated for both databases. A composite measure of psychosociocultural gender was computed for each country (range 0-1, higher score identifying characteristics traditionally ascribed to women). Results: Median CANHEART 4 (interquartile range 3-5) and CAN gender scores 0.55 (0.49-0.60) were similar to median ATHEART 4 (3-5) and AT gender scores 0.55 (0.46-0.64). Although higher gender scores (CCHS: /3 = -1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.44 to -1.22; AT HIS: /3 = -1.08, 95% CI -1.26 to -0.89)) were associated with worse CVH, female sex (CCHS: /3 = 0.35, 95% CI (0.33-0.37); AT-HIS: /3 = 0.60, 95% CI (0.55-0.64)) was associated with better CVH in both populations. In addition, higher gender scores were associated with increased prevalence of heart disease compared with female sex. The magnitude of this risk was higher in Austrians. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that individuals with characteristics typically ascribed to women reported poorer cardiovascular health and higher risk of heart disease, independently from biological sex and baseline CV risk factors, in both countries. Female sex exhibited better CV health and a lower prevalence of heart disease than male in both populations. However, gender factors and magnitude of gender impact varied by country.