A Cocoon of Freshly Accelerated Cosmic Rays Detected by Fermi in the Cygnus Superbubble
A Cocoon of Freshly Accelerated Cosmic Rays Detected by Fermi in the Cygnus Superbubble
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1210311
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发表时间：
2011-11
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
M. Ackermann;M. Ajello;A. Allafort;L. Baldini;J. Ballet;G. Barbiellini;G. Barbiellini;D. Bastieri;D. Bastieri;A. Belfiore;R. Bellazzini;B. Berenji;R. Blandford;E. Bloom;E. Bonamente;E. Bonamente;A. Borgland;E. Bottacini;M. Brigida;M. Brigida;P. Bruel;R. Buehler;S. Buson;S. Buson;G. A. Caliandro;R. Cameron;P. Caraveo;J. Casandjian;C. Cecchi;C. Cecchi;A. Chekhtman;C. C. Cheung-C.;J. Chiang;S. Ciprini;S. Ciprini;R. Claus;J. Cohen-Tanugi;A. Angelis;F. Palma;F. Palma;C. Dermer;E. Silva;P. Drell;D. Dumora;C. Favuzzi;C. Favuzzi;S. Fegan;W. Focke;P. Fortin;Y. Fukazawa;P. Fusco;P. Fusco;F. Gargano;S. Germani;S. Germani;N. Giglietto;N. Giglietto;F. Giordano;F. Giordano;M. Giroletti;T. Glanzman;G. Godfrey;I. Grenier;L. Guillemot;S. Guiriec;D. Hadasch;Y. Hanabata;A. K. Harding;M. Hayashida;K. Hayashi;E. Hays;G. Jóhannesson;A. Johnson;T. Kamae;H. Katagiri;J. Kataoka;M. Kerr;J. Knödlseder;M. Kuss;J. Lande;L. Latronico;Suk-Han Lee;F. Longo;F. Longo;F. Loparco;F. Loparco;B. Lott;M. Lovellette;P. Lubrano;P. Lubrano;P. Martin;M. Mazziotta;J. Mcenery;J. Mcenery;J. Méhault;P. Michelson;W. Mitthumsiri;T. Mizuno;C. Monte;C. Monte;M. Monzani;A. Morselli;I. Moskalenko;S. Murgia;M. Naumann-Godo;P. Nolan;J. Norris;E. Nuss;T. Ohsugi;A. Okumura;E. Orlando;J. Ormes;M. Ozaki;D. Paneque;D. Paneque;D. Parent;M. Pesce-Rollins;M. Pierbattista;F. Piron;M. Pohl;D. Prokhorov;S. Rainò;S. Rainò;R. Rando;R. Rando;M. Razzano;T. Reposeur;S. Ritz;P. Parkinson;C. Sgro’;E. Siskind;P. Smith;P. Spinelli;P. Spinelli;A. W. Strong;H. Takahashi;Takaaki Tanaka;J. Thayer;J. Thayer;D. Thompson;L. Tibaldo;L. Tibaldo;L. Tibaldo;D. F. Torres;G. Tosti;G. Tosti;A. Tramacere;E. Troja;Y. Uchiyama;J. Vandenbroucke;V. Vasileiou;G. Vianello;V. Vitale;A. Waite;Pengfei Wang;B. Winer;K. Wood;Zhirong Yang;S. Zimmer;S. Bontemps
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ackermann;M. Ajello;A. Allafort;L. Baldini;J. Ballet;G. Barbiellini;G. Barbiellini;D. Bastieri;D. Bastieri;A. Belfiore;R. Bellazzini;B. Berenji;R. Blandford;E. Bloom;E. Bonamente;E. Bonamente;A. Borgland;E. Bottacini;M. Brigida;M. Brigida;P. Bruel;R. Buehler;S. Buson;S. Buson;G. A. Caliandro;R. Cameron;P. Caraveo;J. Casandjian;C. Cecchi;C. Cecchi;A. Chekhtman;C. C. Cheung-C.;J. Chiang;S. Ciprini;S. Ciprini;R. Claus;J. Cohen-Tanugi;A. Angelis;F. Palma;F. Palma;C. Dermer;E. Silva;P. Drell;D. Dumora;C. Favuzzi;C. Favuzzi;S. Fegan;W. Focke;P. Fortin;Y. Fukazawa;P. Fusco;P. Fusco;F. Gargano;S. Germani;S. Germani;N. Giglietto;N. Giglietto;F. Giordano;F. Giordano;M. Giroletti;T. Glanzman;G. Godfrey;I. Grenier;L. Guillemot;S. Guiriec;D. Hadasch;Y. Hanabata;A. K. Harding;M. Hayashida;K. Hayashi;E. Hays;G. Jóhannesson;A. Johnson;T. Kamae;H. Katagiri;J. Kataoka;M. Kerr;J. Knödlseder;M. Kuss;J. Lande;L. Latronico;Suk-Han Lee;F. Longo;F. Longo;F. Loparco;F. Loparco;B. Lott;M. Lovellette;P. Lubrano;P. Lubrano;P. Martin;M. Mazziotta;J. Mcenery;J. Mcenery;J. Méhault;P. Michelson;W. Mitthumsiri;T. Mizuno;C. Monte;C. Monte;M. Monzani;A. Morselli;I. Moskalenko;S. Murgia;M. Naumann-Godo;P. Nolan;J. Norris;E. Nuss;T. Ohsugi;A. Okumura;E. Orlando;J. Ormes;M. Ozaki;D. Paneque;D. Paneque;D. Parent;M. Pesce-Rollins;M. Pierbattista;F. Piron;M. Pohl;D. Prokhorov;S. Rainò;S. Rainò;R. Rando;R. Rando;M. Razzano;T. Reposeur;S. Ritz;P. Parkinson;C. Sgro’;E. Siskind;P. Smith;P. Spinelli;P. Spinelli;A. W. Strong;H. Takahashi;Takaaki Tanaka;J. Thayer;J. Thayer;D. Thompson;L. Tibaldo;L. Tibaldo;L. Tibaldo;D. F. Torres;G. Tosti;G. Tosti;A. Tramacere;E. Troja;Y. Uchiyama;J. Vandenbroucke;V. Vasileiou;G. Vianello;V. Vitale;A. Waite;Pengfei Wang;B. Winer;K. Wood;Zhirong Yang;S. Zimmer;S. Bontemps
宇宙射线可以在由大质量恒星群产生的恒星风所雕刻的空腔中加速。银河系宇宙射线的起源是一个世纪之久的难题。间接的证据表明它们被超新星冲击波加速，但我们对它们从冲击波中逃脱以及通过大质量恒星周围湍流介质的演化知之甚少。伽马射线可以探测它们通过周围气体和辐射场的传播。费米大天区望远镜（LAT）观测到了天鹅座X的恒星形成区。1至100千兆电子伏的图像揭示了一个50秒差距宽的新加速宇宙射线茧，这些宇宙射线淹没了由年轻恒星团的恒星风和电离锋雕刻的空腔。它提供了一个例子来研究宇宙射线在超级气泡环境中的年轻人，然后才融入老年银河系人口。
Cosmic rays can be accelerated in the cavities carved by the stellar winds created by clusters of massive stars. The origin of Galactic cosmic rays is a century-long puzzle. Indirect evidence points to their acceleration by supernova shockwaves, but we know little of their escape from the shock and their evolution through the turbulent medium surrounding massive stars. Gamma rays can probe their spreading through the ambient gas and radiation fields. The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has observed the star-forming region of Cygnus X. The 1- to 100-gigaelectronvolt images reveal a 50-parsec-wide cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays that flood the cavities carved by the stellar winds and ionization fronts from young stellar clusters. It provides an example to study the youth of cosmic rays in a superbubble environment before they merge into the older Galactic population.