Morphological invariant of the midsagittal deep brain anatomy between humans and African great apes
Morphological invariant of the midsagittal deep brain anatomy between humans and African great apes
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.24414
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发表时间：
2022-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ogihara，Naomichi
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文献类型：
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作者：
Amano，Hideki;Kochiyama，Takanori;Ogihara，Naomichi
目的通过对人类颅骨化石的形态学重建，阐明人类认知能力产生过程中大脑的进化变化。然而，由于传统的重建方法仅基于颅内形状，因此无法以足够的精度估计深部脑结构。我们的研究旨在探讨可能的形态对应关系的颅和深部脑形态的基础上，人类和非洲大猿，与一个更精确的重建的化石brains.Materials和MethodsMidsagonal endocranial和深部脑地标的目标是从磁共振图像的人类和三种非洲大猿。在Procrustes注册后计算所有四个物种的平均中矢状面颅内轮廓。定义了从每个颅内膜轮廓到平均颅内膜轮廓的空间变形函数，并使用变形函数转换颅内膜中封闭的脑标志，以评估脑标志在平均颅内膜轮廓上的位置的种间差异。和脑干大约在人类颅骨长度的2%的范围内，表明这些深部脑结构的位置的种间变异性相对较小的四个species.DiscussionSuch深部脑结构和包封大脑的硬脑膜的不变的关系可以潜在地被用来重建古人类的大脑化石。
ObjectivesEfforts have been made to mathematically reconstruct the brain morphology from human fossil crania to clarify the evolutionary changes in the brain that are associated with the emergence of human cognitive ability. However, because conventional reconstruction methods are based solely on the endocranial shape, deep brain structures cannot be estimated with sufficient accuracy. Our study aims to investigate the possible morphological correspondence between the cranial and deep brain morphologies based on humans and African great apes, with the goal of a more precise reconstruction of fossil brains.Materials and MethodsMidsagittal endocranial and deep brain landmarks were obtained from magnetic resonance images of humans and three species of African great apes. The average midsagittal endocranial profile of all four species was calculated after Procrustes registration. The spatial deformation function from each of the endocranial profiles to the average endocranial profile was defined, and the brain landmarks enclosed in the endocranium were transformed using the deformation function to evaluate the interspecific variabilities of the positions of the brain landmarks on the average endocranial profile.ResultsThe interspecific differences in the shape‐normalized positions of the corpus callosum, anterior commissure, thalamus center, and brainstem were approximately within the range of 2% of the human cranial length, indicating that the interspecific variabilities of the positions of these deep brain structures were relatively small among the four species.DiscussionSuch an invariant relationship of the deep brain structure and the endocranium that encloses the brain can potentially be utilized to reconstruct the brains of fossil hominins.