Adult NG2-Expressing Cells in Multiple Organs: A Novel Progenitor in Regenerative Medicine
Adult NG2-Expressing Cells in Multiple Organs: A Novel Progenitor in Regenerative Medicine
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DOI：
10.4172/2157-7412.s3-008
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发表时间：
2013-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Zhang;X. Zhang;P. Bie;Miller Rh;L. Bai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Zhang;X. Zhang;P. Bie;Miller Rh;L. Bai
干细胞/祖细胞已成为研究细胞发育、组织再生和各种疾病的细胞治疗机制的一种有前途的工具。干细胞/祖细胞不仅存在于胚胎中，而且存在于大多数成人组织中，用于内源性修复。它们能够自我更新并从其生殖系分化为各种类型的细胞，因此是基于细胞的治疗的理想候选者。神经胶质抗原2(NG2)蛋白多糖表达于多种细胞表面，主要分布于中枢神经系统(CNS)中未分化的前体细胞，称为少突胶质细胞前体细胞(OPC)。NG2蛋白多糖具有广泛的生理作用，表达硫酸软骨素蛋白多糖NG2/CSPG4的细胞(NG2+细胞)对各种形式的病理损伤都有反应。这种细胞群在发育和成熟的器官中丰富，还具有周细胞和间充质干细胞(MSCs)的潜能。我们的初步研究表明，NG2+细胞不仅是传统认为的中枢神经系统内的专用干细胞/前体，而且在中枢神经系统外也是如此。损伤后，NG2+细胞库扩大成为功能细胞。我们的实验还表明了NG2+细胞作为MSCs储存库的重要性，这重申了这些细胞在其治疗潜力中的中心作用。在这篇综述中，我们提供了一些初步证据，并简要总结了成人NG2+细胞研究的最新进展。我们假设成年的NG2+细胞不仅可以从成年哺乳动物的中枢神经系统中获得，还可以从包括脊髓、骨髓、眼睛、肝脏、心脏、肺、胰腺和肾脏在内的多个外部器官中获得。因此，成人NG2+细胞的开发和研究可能会为未来的再生医学开辟一个新的前景。
Stem/progenitor cells have emerged as a promising tool for studying the mechanisms of cell development, tissue regeneration, and cell therapy for various disorders. Stem/progenitor cells are found not only in the embryo but also in most adult tissues for endogenous repair. They are capable of self renewal and differentiation into various cell types from their germ line, thus, are ideal candidates for cell-based therapy. Expression of neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2) proteoglycan is found on several types of cell surface, majorly distributing on undifferentiated precursor cells in the Central Nerve System (CNS), named Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells (OPCs). NG2 proteoglycan has a widespread range of physiological roles and the cells that express chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan NG2/CSPG4 (NG2+cells) react to all forms of pathological insults. This cell population is abundant in the developing and mature organs with also pericytes PCs) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) potential. Our pilot studies demonstrated that NG2+cells are dedicated stem/precursors not only in the CNS as traditional thought, but also outside the CNS. Following injury, the repertoire of NG2+cells expands to become functional cells. Our experiment also showed the importance of NG2+cells as the reservoir for MSCs, which reaffirms the central role of these cells for their therapeutic potential. In this review, we provided some pilot evidence and briefly summarized the more recent progress on adult NG2+cell researches. We hypothesis that adult NG2+cells can be generated from not only the adult mammalian’s CNS but also multiple outside organs including spinal cord, bone marrow, eyes, liver, heart, lung, pancreas and kidney. Therefore, development and research of adult NG2+cells may open a novel perspective in regenerative medicine in the future.