Alcohol and distraction interact to impair driving performance
Alcohol and distraction interact to impair driving performance
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.01.002
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Fillmore, Mark T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harrison, Emily L. R.;Fillmore, Mark T.
背景资料：认识到与酒精中毒和驾驶员分心相关的风险，导致了大量的模拟驾驶研究，旨在研究这些因素中的每一个的不利影响。对驾驶的研究已经超越了对这些因素的单独检查，而是对酒精中毒和驾驶员分心之间的潜在相互作用进行了检查。在许多驾驶情况下，分心是司空见惯的，可能对主要驾驶功能的破坏性影响很小或没有。然而，这样的分心可能会成为破坏性的司机谁是injuret.Methods：本研究探讨了酒精中毒和司机分心的交互损害影响，在40个年轻的成年司机使用分散注意力的任务作为分心活动的模拟驾驶性能。酒精和分心的交互影响进行了测试，有司机在四种不同的条件下执行驾驶任务：0.65克/公斤酒精; 0.65克/公斤酒精+分散注意力;安慰剂;和安慰剂+dividedattention.Results：作为假设，分散注意力对清醒的司机驾驶性能没有损害作用。然而，根据酒精，分散注意力加剧了酒精对驾驶精度的损害作用。结论：酒精和分心仍然是适当的目标，研究如何减少驾驶相关的死亡和受伤的比率。更多地考虑酒精和分心如何相互作用，损害驾驶性能的各个方面，可以进一步努力制定预防和干预措施，以保护司机，特别是年轻人。(C)2011爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Background: Recognition of the risks associated with alcohol intoxication and driver distraction has led to a wealth of simulated driving research aimed at studying the adverse effects of each of these factors. Research on driving has moved beyond the individual, separate examination of these factors to the examination of potential interactions between alcohol intoxication and driver distraction. In many driving situations, distractions are commonplace and might have little or no disruptive influence on primary driving functions. Yet, such distractions might become disruptive to a driver who is intoxicated.Methods: The present study examined the interactive impairing effects of alcohol intoxication and driver distraction on simulated driving performance in 40 young adult drivers using a divided attention task as a distracter activity. The interactive influence of alcohol and distraction was tested by having drivers perform the driving task under four different conditions: 0.65 g/kg alcohol; 0.65 g/kg alcohol + divided attention; placebo; and placebo + divided attention.Results: As hypothesized, divided attention had no impairing effect on driving performance in sober drivers. However, under alcohol, divided attention exacerbated the impairing effects of alcohol on driving precision.Conclusions: Alcohol and distraction continue to be appropriate targets for research into ways to reduce the rates of driving-related fatalities and injuries. Greater consideration of how alcohol and distraction interact to impair aspects of driving performance can further efforts to create prevention and intervention measures to protect drivers, particularly young adults. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.