Introduction of the American grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) in Europe : a case study in biological invasion
Introduction of the American grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) in Europe : a case study in biological invasion
复制标题
美洲灰松鼠 (Sciurus carolinensis) 传入欧洲：生物入侵的案例研究
作者：
B. Sandro
在欧洲引入东部灰松鼠（原产于美洲），由于竞争，导致本土欧洲红松鼠的范围急剧下降。灰松鼠主要与本地物种争夺食物;此外，它们可以维持和传播痘病毒，这会导致英国红松鼠的致命疾病。根据一些模拟情景，灰松鼠将在未来20-30年内从意大利扩散到法国和瑞士，并在长期内扩散到欧亚大陆的大部分地区。这将对红松鼠在其整个范围内的生存构成严重威胁。这种生物入侵的案例研究表明，引进物种所带来的风险可能会最小化，减少国家之间的动物贸易，并对每一个进口物种进行风险评估。
The introduction of the eastern grey squirrel (native to America) in Europe is causing a dramatic decline in the range of the native European red squirrel, due to competition. Grey squirrels compete with the native species mainly for food; furthermore, they can maintain and spread a poxvirus, which causes a lethal disease in red squirrels in Britain. According to some modelling scenarios, grey squirrels will spread from Italy to France and Switzerland in the next 20-30 years, and to a large part of Eurasia in the long term. This would represent a serious threat for the survival of the red squirrel throughout its range. This case study of biological invasion suggests that the risks posed by the introduced species may be minimized with a reduction in animal trade between countries and using a procedure of risk-assessment for every imported species.