An investigation on the nature of ultra-microscopic viruses
An investigation on the nature of ultra-microscopic viruses
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(01)20383-3
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发表时间：
1915-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Twort, FW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Twort, FW
在过去的三年里，布朗研究所进行了相当多的关于传林病毒的实验。在战争爆发之前，CC Twort博士进行了许多研究，不幸的是，今年的情况使这项工作难以继续。首先，尝试证明存在非致病性滤过性病毒。众所周知，在普通细菌的情况下，对于每一种已发现的病原微生物，许多相同类型的非病原性变种在自然界中都是圆形的，并且似乎极有可能在超显微病毒的情况下发现同样的规则。然而，很难获得它们存在的证据，因为致病性是我们在超微观病毒存在的当前时间所拥有的唯一证据。另一方面，如果自然界中存在非致病性的变种，它们似乎更容易被感染。比致病品种;因此，试图培养这些从土壤等材料，坚持，草，干草，稻草，和水从池塘是特别准备！媒体测试了数百种媒体。不可能详细描述所有这些，但ge。通常使用琼脂、鸡蛋或血清作为基础，并且对于这些不同的量或真菌、种子等的某些化学品或提取物，中加入将待测试病毒的材料用水覆盖并在30 ℃下孵育.或超过不同的时间段，通村passée！通过Berkefeld过滤器，过滤液接种在不同的培养基上。在这些实验中，经常发现一些普通的细菌，特别是孢子类型的细菌，可以通过过滤器;但在任何情况下都不可能获得真正的过滤器通过病毒的生长。
During the past three years a considerable number of experiments hâve been carriecl out at the Brown Institution on lïlter-passing viruses. Many of these, previoLis to the outbreak of the war, were performed by Dr. CC Twort, and, unfortunately, circumstances during the présent year hâve made it difficult to continue the work.In the first instance atempts were made to demónstrate the présence of non-pathogenic filterpassing viruses. As is well known, in the case of ordinary bacteria for every pathogenic microorganism discovered many non-pathogenic varieties of the same type have been round in nature, and it seems highly probable that the same rule will be found to hold good in the case of ultra-microscopic viruses. It is difficult, however, to obtain proof of their existence, as pathogenicity is the onlv évidence we hâve at the pré sent time of the presence or an ultra-microscopic virus. On the other hand, it seems probable that if non-pathogenic varieties exist in nature these should be more easily cu. ltivated than the pathogenic varieties; accordingly, attempts to cultívate these from such materials as soil, clung, grass, hay, straw, and water from ponds were made on specially préparée! media. Several hundred media were tested. it is impossible to describe ail these in detail, but ge. nerally agar, egg, or serum was used as a basis, and to these varying quantifies or certain chemicals or extracts of fungí, seeds, ác., were added. The material to be tested for viruses was covered with water and incubated at 30 C. or over for varying periods of time, thon passée! through a Berkefeld filter, and the fíltrate, inoculated on the different media. In these experiments a few ordinary bacteria, especially sporing types, were often found to pass through the filter; but in no case was it possible to obtain a growth of a true filter passing virus.