Ecotoxicology of carbon-based engineered nanoparticles:: Effects of fullerene (C60) on aquatic organisms
Ecotoxicology of carbon-based engineered nanoparticles:: Effects of fullerene (C60) on aquatic organisms
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DOI：
10.1016/j.carbon.2005.11.008
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.9
通讯作者：
Haasch, ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oberdörster, E;Zhu, SQ;Haasch, ML
为了更全面地评估水溶性富勒烯（nC（60））的毒性，对几种与环境有关的物种进行了急性毒性试验。其中包括淡水甲壳类动物大型蚤和Hyalella azteca，以及海洋harpacticoid桡足类动物，以及两种鱼类，黑头呆鱼Pimephales promelas和日本青鳉Oryzias latipes。后两个物种被用来评估亚致死的富勒烯暴露的影响，也评估mRNA和蛋白质在肝脏中的表达。由于先前的研究发现超声处理和使用四氢呋喃溶解富勒烯都会增加nC（60）的毒性，因此本研究中使用的nC（60）通过搅拌制备。对于无脊椎动物研究，无法制备足够高浓度水平的nC（60），以在48或96 h时导致50%死亡率（LC 50）。测试的最大浓度为35 ppm（淡水）和22.5 ppm（全浓度（35 ppt）海水），因为在较高浓度下，nC（60）从溶液中沉淀出来。水蚤21天暴露导致蜕皮显著延迟，并在2.5和5 ppm nC（60）下显著减少后代产量，这可能会在种群水平上产生影响。对于鱼，我们发现，无论是mRNA还是蛋白质表达水平的细胞色素P450同工酶CYP1A，CYP2K1和CYP2M1的变化。过氧化物酶体脂质转运蛋白PMP70显着减少黑头呆鱼，但没有青鳉，表明酰基辅酶A途径的潜在变化。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
To more fully assess the toxicity of water-soluble fullerene (nC(60)), acute toxicity assays were performed on several environmentally relevant species. Included were the freshwater crustaceans Daphnia magna and Hyalella azteca, and a marine harpacticoid copepod, and two fish species, fathead minnow Pimephales promelas and Japanese medaka Oryzias latipes. The latter two species were used to assess sublethal effects of fullerene exposure by also assessing mRNA and protein expression in liver. Because prior studies found that both sonication and using tetrahydrofuran to solubilize fullerene increased the toxicity of nC(60), the nC(60) used ill this Study was prepared by stirring. For the invertebrate studies, nC(60) could not be prepared at high enough concentration levels to cause 50% mortality (LC50) at 48 or 96 h. The maximum concentrations tested were 35 ppm for freshwater and 22.5 ppm for full-strength (35 ppt) seawater, since at higher concentrations the nC(60) precipitated out of solution. Daphnia 21-day exposures resulted in a significant delay in molting and significantly reduced offspring production at 2.5 and 5 ppm nC(60), which could possibly produce impacts at the population-level. For the fish, we found that neither the mRNA nor protein-expression levels of cytochrome P450 isozymes CYP1A, CYP2K1 and CYP2M1 were changed. The peroxisomal lipid transport protein PMP70 was significantly reduced in fathead minnow, but not medaka, indicating potential changes in acyl-CoA pathways. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.