The emergence of new data work occupations in healthcare: The case of medical scribes
The emergence of new data work occupations in healthcare: The case of medical scribes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2019.01.001
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Pine, Kathleen H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bossen, Claus;Chen, Yunan;Pine, Kathleen H.
目的：对更多更好的文档以及医疗保健数字化的需求日益增加，这需要医疗保健职业和专业的能力和角色发生变化。由于这种以数据为中心的技术发展，出现了新的工作和职业，其中医学抄写员就是一个例子。为了调查和提供一个紧急职业的情况下，集中在“数据工作”，我们描述了医学抄写员的出现，增长和稳定，概述了他们的历史，并提供了一个文献overview.Method：我们进行了一个回顾医学抄写员的文献在学术期刊上，直到2017年。这些出版物根据研究的国家、医学专业、方法、重点、对使用医学抄写员的态度以及使用医学抄写员的原因进行分类。我们概述了医学抄写员出现的历史，并提供了现有的研究出版物的摘要医学scribes.Findings：我们确定了60篇论文，其中大部分是基于来自美国的情况下，在急诊科进行，基于定量方法，侧重于经济可行性和满意度，是积极的对使用医学scribes。并将医疗记录的使用与电子健康记录（EHR）的实施联系起来。有一个明显的缺乏研究医学抄写员本身和他们的互动与医生，病人，和EHR.Conclusions：医学抄写员已经成为一个新的数据工作的职业，作为一个响应不断增长的需求，通过电子病历的文件和数字化。迄今为止，对医学抄写员的研究主要集中在抄写员的效率和经济可行性上，有必要研究医学抄写员与医生和患者的互动，以及重新设计EHR的机会。更一般地说，有必要超越最突出的职业，如医生和护士在讨论数字化和医疗保健的专业化，并调查如何新的和以前的任务是（重新）分配之间的职业和专业。
Purpose: Increasing demand for more and better documentation as well as digitalization of healthcare entail shifts in competencies and roles of healthcare occupations and professions. As a result of this data-centric technological development, new kinds of work and occupations emerge of which medical scribes are an example. To investigate and provide a case of an emergent occupation focused on 'data work', we describe the emergence, growth and stabilization of medical scribes, outline their history and provide a literature overview.Method: We conducted a review of the literature on medical scribes in academic journals until 2017. These publications are categorized according to the country of study, medical specialization, method, focus, attitude to the use of medical scribes, and the reasons given for the use of medical scribes. We outline the history of the emergence of medical scribes and provide a summary of the existing research publications on medical scribes.Findings: We identified 60 papers of which a majority are based on cases from the USA; conducted in emergency departments; based on quantitative methods; focus on economic feasibility and satisfaction; are positive towards the use of medical scribes; and link the use of medical scribes to the implementation of electronic health records (EHR). There is a distinct lack of research on medical scribes themselves and their interaction with physicians, patients, and EHR.Conclusions: Medical scribes have emerged as a new data-work occupation as a response to increased demands for documentation and digitalization through EHRs. Research on medical scribes has hitherto focused on efficiency and economic feasibility of scribes, and there is a need to look into the interaction of medical scribes with physicians and patients as well as look at opportunities for redesign of EHR. More generally, there is a need to look beyond the most prominent professions such as physicians and nurses in discussions of digitization and datafication of healthcare, and investigate how new and previous tasks are (re)distributed between occupations and professions.