Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Metal Oxide Electrodes for Energy Applications
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Metal Oxide Electrodes for Energy Applications
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DOI：
10.1021/acsaem.9b01965
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Farnum, Byron H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bredar, Alexandria R. C.;Chown, Amanda L.;Farnum, Byron H.
金属氧化物对能量转换和储存技术的发展具有重要意义，包括异质结太阳能电池、锂离子电池以及用于水分解和CO2还原的电催化剂/光催化剂。金属氧化物在这些器件中的作用是多种多样的，从电荷传输层到催化表面再到保护阻挡层。了解这些材料的基本结构和电子特性将继续推动可再生能源领域的发展。电化学阻抗谱（EIS）是在能源应用中表征这些电极的最常用方法之一。EIS的实用性源于其区分多个接口的能力（即，固体/电解质、固体/固体），基于它们对调制电势的频率响应以及随后的电阻和电容电路部件的去耦。本文首先介绍了电化学阻抗谱的物理和数学基础，然后讨论了其等效电路模型。然后，审查涵盖的例子，从文献中的EIS一直是特别重要的，在能量转换和存储设备内的金属氧化物电极相关的电子性能的理解。一个具体的重点放在金属氧化物，用作异质结太阳能电池，离子电池，和光催化剂/电催化剂。在每个应用程序中讨论共同的主题，如太阳能电池中的电子和空穴扩散的研究，复合反应和催化对太阳能电池和光催化剂的表面缺陷/陷阱状态的依赖性，以及在锂离子电池的固体电解质界面处形成钝化层。
Metal oxides have been of great importance to the development of energy conversion and storage technologies including heterojunction solar cells, Li-ion batteries, and electrocatalysts/photocatalysts for water splitting and CO2 reduction. The role of metal oxides in these devices has been diverse, from charge transport layers to catalytic surfaces to protective blocking layers. Understanding the fundamental structural and electronic properties of these materials will continue to allow for advancement in the field of renewable energy. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is one of the most utilized methods to characterize these electrodes in the context of energy applications. The utility of EIS stems from its ability to differentiate multiple interfaces (i.e., solid/electrolyte, solid/solid) within devices on the basis of their frequency response to a modulated potential and the subsequent decoupling of resistive and capacitive circuit components. In this review, the fundamental theory of EIS is first described with a physical and mathematical basis, followed by a discussion of equivalent circuit modeling. The review then covers examples from the literature where EIS has been particularly important in the understanding of electronic properties related to metal oxide electrodes within energy conversion and storage devices. A specific focus is placed on metal oxides that are used as heterojunction solar cells, ion batteries, and photocatalysts/electrocatalysts. Common themes are discussed within each application such as the study of electron and hole diffusion in solar cells, the dependence of recombination reactions and catalysis on surface defect/trap states for solar cells and photocatalysts, and the formation of passivation layers at the solid electrolyte interface in Li-ion batteries.