Phylogenetic effects on morphological, life-history, behavioural and ecological traits of birds
Phylogenetic effects on morphological, life-history, behavioural and ecological traits of birds
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系统发育对鸟类形态、生活史、行为和生态特征的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Oberrath
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Böhning‐Gaese;R. Oberrath
本研究的目的是评估系统发育历史的影响，21鸟类的形态，生活史，行为和生态性状使用Mantel排列检验。结果表明，在21个性状中，近缘种间有13个性状的相似性显著高于远缘种。对于饮食和所有的形态和生活史特征，但每年的离合器数，繁殖占了显着的性状值的变化量。然而，对于大多数行为和生态特征，相关性解释了不到1%的物种间的变化。由于系统发育的影响是弱的性状传统上与一个物种的生态位，我们的结论是，系统发育的影响并不反映系统发育生态位保守性。当测试在不同的系统发育水平（完全同源，家庭内，家庭之间，之间的订单），系统发育的影响是非常可变的。只有两个性状在所有系统发育水平上具有一致的强系统发育效应，只有两个性状在所有系统发育水平上具有一致的弱系统发育效应。系统发育效应在科内为正但相对较弱，科间为正且较强，目间为负且较弱。仅在科内、科间或目间控制系统发育效应的方法在消除系统发育效应方面是不可靠的。
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of phylogenetic history on 21 avian morphological, life-history, behavioural and ecological traits using Mantel permutation tests. The results demonstrated that, for 13 of 21 traits, closely related species were significantly more similar than distantly related species. For diet and for all morphological and life-history traits except number of clutches per year, phylogeny accounted for a notable amount of variation in trait values. However, for most behavioural and ecological traits, relatedness explained less than 1% of the variation among species. Because phylogenetic effects were weak in traits traditionally associated with the niche of a species, we conclude that phylogenetic effects do not reflect phylogenetic niche conservatism. When tested at different phylogenetic levels (complete phylogeny, within families, among families, among orders), phylogenetic effects were very variable. Only two traits had consistently strong phylogenetic effects at all phylogenetic levels and only two traits had consistently weak phylogenetic effects at all phylogenetic levels. Phylogenetic effects tended to be positive but relatively weak within families, positive and strong among families, and negative and weak among orders. Methods that intend to control for phylogenetic effects by working solely within families, among families, or among orders are not reliable in removing phylogenetic effects.