Advances in CMOS Solid-state Photomultipliers for Scintillation Detector Applications.
Advances in CMOS Solid-state Photomultipliers for Scintillation Detector Applications.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.004
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发表时间：
2010-12-11
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Augustine, Frank L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christian, James F.;Stapels, Christopher J.;Johnson, Erik B.;McClish, Mickel;Dokhale, Purushotthom;Shah, Kanai S.;Mukhopadhyay, Sharmistha;Chapman, Eric;Augustine, Frank L.
固态光电倍增管（SSPM）是一种紧凑、轻便、潜在的低成本光电倍增管替代品，用于各种闪烁探测器应用，包括数字剂量计和医学成像应用。用商业CMOS工艺制造SSPM提供了快速原型的能力，并且便于生产以降低成本。RMD设计由商业代工厂制造的CMOS SSPM器件。这项工作描述了这些用于闪烁探测器应用的设备的表征和性能。这项工作还描述了在SSPM的过量噪声，控制闪烁事件触发的像素数量的二项式统计，以及背景，或热，计数率方面的设备噪声。与这些项相关的波动限制了信号脉冲幅度的分辨率。我们探讨使用像素级信号调理，并表征的原型SSPM设备，保留了信号的数字性质的性能。此外，我们探索设计的位置敏感的SSPM探测器的医学成像应用，并表征其性能。
Solid-state photomultipliers (SSPMs) are a compact, lightweight, potentially low-cost alternative to a photomultiplier tube for a variety of scintillation detector applications, including digital-dosimeter and medical-imaging applications. Manufacturing SSPMs with a commercial CMOS process provides the ability for rapid prototyping, and facilitates production to reduce the cost. RMD designs CMOS SSPM devices that are fabricated by commercial foundries. This work describes the characterization and performance of these devices for scintillation detector applications. This work also describes the terms contributing to device noise in terms of the excess noise of the SSPM, the binomial statistics governing the number of pixels triggered by a scintillation event, and the background, or thermal, count rate. The fluctuations associated with these terms limit the resolution of the signal pulse amplitude. We explore the use of pixel-level signal conditioning, and characterize the performance of a prototype SSPM device that preserves the digital nature of the signal. In addition, we explore designs of position-sensitive SSPM detectors for medical imaging applications, and characterize their performance.
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