Comparison of buckwheat genomes reveals the genetic basis of metabolomic divergence and ecotype differentiation
Comparison of buckwheat genomes reveals the genetic basis of metabolomic divergence and ecotype differentiation
复制标题
荞麦基因组的比较揭示了代谢组差异和生态型分化的遗传基础
DOI：
10.1111/nph.18306
复制
发表时间：
2022-07-05
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Zhou, Meiliang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, Ming;He, Yuqi;Zhou, Meiliang
金荞麦（Fagopyrum diboarum或Fagopyrum cymosum）和苦荞麦（Fagopyrum tartaricum）属于蓼科，并且荞麦属富含黄酮类化合物。金荞麦是苦荞麦的野生近缘种，而金荞麦是传统中药材，苦荞麦是粮食作物。这两个荞麦之间的适应性分歧的遗传基础知之甚少。在这里，我们组装了高质量的金荞麦染色体水平基因组，并发现与苦荞麦染色体存在一对一的同线关系。鉴定了区分金荞麦和苦荞麦的两个大倒位。金荞麦和苦荞麦的代谢和遗传比较表明，在金荞麦中FdCHI，FdF3H，FdDFR和FdLAR基因家族的扩增拷贝数，以及药用黄酮含量的平行增加。通过对34份野生金荞麦种质进行重测序，分别鉴定了FdMYB44和FdCRF4两个与类黄酮积累和植物构型分化相关的候选基因。比较基因组学研究为荞麦的基因组多样性改良提供了丰富的基因组资源。
Golden buckwheat (Fagopyrum dibotrys or Fagopyrum cymosum) and Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) belong to the Polygonaceae and the Fagopyrum genus is rich in flavonoids. Golden buckwheat is a wild relative of Tartary buckwheat, yet golden buckwheat is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and Tartary buckwheat is a food crop. The genetic basis of adaptive divergence between these two buckwheats is poorly understood. Here, we assembled a high-quality chromosome-level genome of golden buckwheat and found a one-to-one syntenic relationship with the chromosomes of Tartary buckwheat. Two large inversions were identified that differentiate golden buckwheat and Tartary buckwheat. Metabolomic and genetic comparisons of golden buckwheat and Tartary buckwheat indicate an amplified copy number of FdCHI, FdF3H, FdDFR, and FdLAR gene families in golden buckwheat, and a parallel increase in medicinal flavonoid content. Resequencing of 34 wild golden buckwheat accessions across the two morphologically distinct ecotypes identified candidate genes, including FdMYB44 and FdCRF4, putatively involved in flavonoid accumulation and differentiation of plant architecture, respectively. Our comparative genomic study provides abundant genomic resources of genomic divergent variation to improve buckwheat with excellent nutritional and medicinal value.