Diel vertical migration and central place foraging in benthic predators
Diel vertical migration and central place foraging in benthic predators
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DOI：
10.3354/meps12324
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发表时间：
2017-11
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Nicolas E. Humphries;Samantha J. Simpson;D. W. Sims
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nicolas E. Humphries;Samantha J. Simpson;D. W. Sims
昼夜垂直迁移是从浮游动物到鲨鱼等许多中上层物种的一种普遍行为，在海洋和淡水环境中都得到了广泛研究。通常，DVM包括每天重复的水柱垂直运动，从夜间较浅到白天较深。因此，DVM可能是出乎意料的底栖捕食者。尽管如此，在底栖鲨鱼和淡水硬骨鱼中观察到了DVM，其中包括在底质上的近岸-近海迁移。然而，在大型温带底栖食肉动物（如冰鞋）中没有明确的证据表明这种行为。本文报道了四种鳐（Raja brachyura，R. clavata、河（R. microocellata和R. montagui），确定它作为一个一般的行为在这个分支。89深度记录档案标签的分析产生了674个明确的DVM事件冰鞋离开白天较深的沃茨浅的夜间区域，然后返回到2.5米的起始深度。有趣的是，这些事件非常类似于中央觅食者的活动，浅水区是觅食地，而深水区是避难所。像这样的行为以前没有记录在海洋底栖捕食者，研究结果表明，DVM可能发生在许多其他底栖物种。更广泛地了解底栖动物的DVM对于设计海洋保护区的有效边界十分重要。这些研究结果也有深，浅底栖区之间的营养耦合的影响。这种意想不到的行为的进一步特点，并讨论其发生的假设。
Diel vertical migration (DVM) is a widespread behaviour among many pelagic species, from zooplankton to sharks and has been widely studied in both marine and freshwater environments. Usually, DVM comprises repeated daily vertical movements through the water column, from shallower at night to deeper during the day. Consequently, DVM is perhaps unexpected in benthic predators. Nonetheless, DVM has been observed in benthic sharks and freshwater teleosts, where it comprises inshore-offshore migrations over the substrate. However, there is no clear evidence of this behaviour in large temperate benthic predators, such as skates. Here we present new observations of DVM in 4 species of skate (Raja brachyura, R. clavata, R. microocellata and R. montagui) that identify it as a general behaviour in this clade. Analysis of 89 depth recording archival tags yielded 674 clear DVM events where skates left daytime deeper waters for shallower nighttime areas before returning to within 2.5 m of starting depths. Interestingly, these events closely resemble those of central place foragers, where shallow areas are foraging and deeper areas are refuging locations. Behaviour such as this has not been previously recorded in marine benthic predators, and the findings suggest that DVM might occur in many other benthic species. A broader understanding of DVM in benthic animals will be important in the design of effective boundaries for marine protected areas. These findings also have implications for trophic coupling between deep and shallow benthic zones. Further characteristics of this unexpected behaviour are presented and hypotheses for its occurrence are discussed.