Current Understanding of Dysbiosis in Disease in Human and Animal Models.
Current Understanding of Dysbiosis in Disease in Human and Animal Models.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/mib.0000000000000750
复制
发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Mizoguchi E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeGruttola AK;Low D;Mizoguchi A;Mizoguchi E
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种肠道炎症，在美国影响着超过200万人。尽管IBD的病因和发病机制在很大程度上仍然未知，但宿主/肠道微生物相互作用失调是IBD发展所必需的。到目前为止，许多研究人员试图确定IBD与肠道微生物群失衡（称为“生态失调”）之间的确切关系。尽管做出了广泛的努力，但微生物、宿主和环境之间的相互作用，以及生态失调是IBD的因果因素还是结果，在很大程度上仍然未知。最近，对IBD患者微生物群的深度测序分析有助于表征生态失调与IBD发展之间的强烈关联，尽管在大多数情况下仍无法确定特定的相关物种水平变化。根据最近的许多报道，在人类和动物模型中，共生微生物群的生态失调与几种疾病的发病机制有关，包括IBD、肥胖和过敏性疾病。在这篇综述文章中，我们重点解释了多种类型的生态失调，以及生态失调相关疾病和潜在的治疗方法，以便应用这些知识来了解IBD以及其他生态失调相关疾病的可能原因和潜在的治疗策略。
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an intestinal inflammatory condition that affects over two million people in the United States. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of IBD are still largely unknown, dysregulated host/enteric microbial interactions are requisite for the development of IBD. So far, many researchers have tried to identify a precise relationship between IBD and an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota, termed “dysbiosis”. In spite of the extensive efforts, it is still largely unknown about the interplay among microbes, their hosts, and their environments, and whether dysbiosis is a causal factor or an effect of IBD. Recently, deep-sequencing analyses of the microbiota in IBD patients have been instrumental in characterizing the strong association between dysbiosis and IBD development, although it is still unable to identify specific-associated species level changes in most cases. Based on many recent reports, dysbiosis of the commensal microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including IBD, obesity, and allergic disorders, in both human and animal models. In this review article, we have focused on explaining the multiple types of dysbiosis, as well as dysbiosis-related diseases and potential treatments in order to apply this knowledge to understand a possible cause and potentially find therapeutic strategies for IBD as well as the other dysbiosis-related diseases.