Effectiveness of a chatbot for eating disorders prevention: A randomized clinical trial
Effectiveness of a chatbot for eating disorders prevention: A randomized clinical trial
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DOI：
10.1002/eat.23662
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发表时间：
2021-12-28
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Jacobson, Nicholas C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fitzsimmons-Craft, Ellen E.;Chan, William W.;Jacobson, Nicholas C.
目的饮食失调的预防具有重要意义。然而，有人类节制的数字节目不太可能广泛传播。这项研究的目的是测试聊天机器人（即，模拟人类对话的计算机程序）将显著降低艾德风险因素（即，与候补名单对照相比，体重/体形问题、瘦-理想内化）在艾德高风险女性中的作用，以及它是否会显着减少总体艾德精神病理学、抑郁和焦虑并预防艾德发作。筛选为艾德高风险的女性被随机分配（N = 700）到（1）基于StudentBodies（c）计划的聊天机器人;或（2）等待列表控制。参与者被跟踪了6个月。结果对于体重/体型问题，在3个月（d = -0.20; p = 0.03）和6个月随访（d = -0.19; p = 0.04）时，干预组与对照组相比有显著更大的减少。在瘦理想内化方面没有差异。在3个月（d = -0.29; p = 0.003）而不是6个月随访时，干预组的总体艾德精神病理学显著低于对照组。抑郁和焦虑的变化没有差异。在3个月（OR = 2.37，95% CI [1.37，4.11]）和6个月随访（OR = 2.13，95% CI [1.26，3.59]）时，干预组ED的非临床保留几率显著高于对照组。讨论结果为使用基于聊天机器人的ED预防计划提供了支持，该计划通过6个月的随访减少了体重/形状问题，并至少在短期内减少了整体艾德精神病理学。结果还表明，干预可能会减少艾德发作。我们发现，一个聊天机器人，或一个模拟人类对话的计算机程序，基于一个既定的，基于认知行为治疗的饮食失调预防计划，在6个月的随访中成功地减少了女性对体重和形状的担忧，它实际上可能会减少饮食失调的发作。这些发现很重要，因为这种使用相当简单的基于文本的方法的干预措施可以很容易地传播，以预防这些致命的疾病。试验登记：OSF登记处;
Objective Prevention of eating disorders (EDs) is of high importance. However, digital programs with human moderation are unlikely to be disseminated widely. The aim of this study was to test whether a chatbot (i.e., computer program simulating human conversation) would significantly reduce ED risk factors (i.e., weight/shape concerns, thin-ideal internalization) in women at high risk for an ED, compared to waitlist control, as well as whether it would significantly reduce overall ED psychopathology, depression, and anxiety and prevent ED onset. Method Women who screened as high risk for an ED were randomized (N = 700) to (1) chatbot based on the StudentBodies (c) program; or (2) waitlist control. Participants were followed for 6 months. Results For weight/shape concerns, there was a significantly greater reduction in intervention versus control at 3- (d = -0.20; p = .03) and 6-m-follow-up (d = -0.19; p = .04). There were no differences in change in thin-ideal internalization. The intervention was associated with significantly greater reductions than control in overall ED psychopathology at 3- (d = -0.29; p = .003) but not 6-month follow-up. There were no differences in change in depression or anxiety. The odds of remaining nonclinical for EDs were significantly higher in intervention versus control at both 3- (OR = 2.37, 95% CI [1.37, 4.11]) and 6-month follow-ups (OR = 2.13, 95% CI [1.26, 3.59]). Discussion Findings provide support for the use of a chatbot-based EDs prevention program in reducing weight/shape concerns through 6-month follow-up, as well as in reducing overall ED psychopathology, at least in the shorter-term. Results also suggest the intervention may reduce ED onset. Public Significance We found that a chatbot, or a computer program simulating human conversation, based on an established, cognitive-behavioral therapy-based eating disorders prevention program, was successful in reducing women's concerns about weight and shape through 6-month follow-up and that it may actually reduce eating disorder onset. These findings are important because this intervention, which uses a rather simple text-based approach, can easily be disseminated in order to prevent these deadly illnesses. Trial registration: OSF Registries;