Historical genetics.
Historical genetics.
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历史遗传学。
DOI：
10.1126/science.203.4385.1102
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
A. Motulsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Motulsky
近年来发现了各种遗传标记，如血清和酶变体。这些标记物和血型的基因频率通常在人群之间不同，并且可以用于评估不同人群和种族群体的亲和力。他和他的同事们在整合这一领域的零散信息方面走在了前列。他们的巨著《人类血型和其他多态性的发现》（1976年）是这一领域的关键参考文献。他们现在讨论犹太人的遗传学。世界上的犹太人有共同的宗教或至少是共同的文化传统，对于一些大群体来说，还有共同的语言，即德系犹太人中的意第绪语和西班牙系犹太人中的拉迪诺语。不同的犹太人口是否有共同的基因还不太清楚。在这本书中，他和他的合著者追溯了各种犹太群体的历史，并将历史数据与从世界文献中汇编的各种标记的基因频率评估相结合，在对书中提到的遗传多态性进行简洁而清晰的阐述之后，描述了犹太人的早期历史。章节然后致力于各种犹太人口Samari-tans，东方犹太人，也门犹太人，非洲的各种犹太群体，和Kar-aites，以及目前最众多的Ashkenazi和Sephardic犹太人，即中欧和西班牙血统的犹太人。每一个主要的犹太社区在基因上都倾向于与其起源地区的土著居民相似。德系犹太人和塞法迪犹太人在不同的种族中有许多相似之处-
Recent years have seen the discovery of a variety of genetic markers, such as serum and enzyme variants. The gene frequencies of such markers and of blood groups usually differ between human populations and can be utilized to assess the affinities of various populations and racial groups. Mourant and his co-work-ers have been in the forefront in consoli-dating the scattered information in this field. Their monumental volume The Dis-tribution of Human Blood Groups and Other Polymorphisms (1976) is the key reference in this field. They now address the genetics of Jews. The Jews of the world have a common religion or at least common cultural tra-ditions and, for some large groups, a common language, namely Yiddish among Ashkenazi Jews and Ladino among Sephardic Jews. Whether the var-ious Jewish populations have common genes has been less clear. Mourant and his coauthors in this book trace the history of various Jewish groups and integrate the historical data with an assessment of gene frequencies for various markers compiled from the world litera-ture.After a succinct and clear exposition of the genetic polymorphisms referred to in the book, the early history of Jews is described. Chapters are then devoted to various Jewish populations-Samari-tans, Oriental Jews, Yemenite Jews, var-ious Jewish groups of Africa, and Kar-aites, as well as the currently most numerous Ashkenazi andSephardic Jews, that is, Jews of Central European and Spanish origin. Each major Jewish community tends to resemble genetically the indigenous population of the region whence it origi-nated. Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews have many resemblances in different ge-