Estimation of "needs" and "probable uptake" for HIV/AIDS preventive vaccines based on possible policies and likely acceptance (a WHO/UNAIDS/IAVI study)
Estimation of "needs" and "probable uptake" for HIV/AIDS preventive vaccines based on possible policies and likely acceptance (a WHO/UNAIDS/IAVI study)
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DOI：
10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00775-2
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发表时间：
2003-05-16
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Ghys, PD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esparza, J;Chang, ML;Ghys, PD
一旦发现有效的艾滋病毒疫苗，一项重大挑战将是确保全世界都能获得这种疫苗。低或中等效力（30-50%）的预防性疫苗可能是一种有价值的预防工具，特别是如果针对艾滋病毒感染风险较高的人群。高效疫苗（80-90%）可用于更大的人群。对未来艾滋病毒疫苗的估计“需求”是根据预期的目标人口政策确定的，并根据目标人口的“可获得性”和“可接受性”对估计“需求”进行了调整，以得出“可能接受”的估计数，即可能提供的疫苗疗程。对于高效疫苗，全球需要大约6.9亿个完整的免疫疗程，分别针对全世界和撒哈拉以南非洲15-49岁人群中的22%和69%。如果针对艾滋病毒感染风险较高的人群使用低/中效疫苗，估计全球需要2.6亿个完整的免疫接种疗程，分别针对世界和撒哈拉以南非洲15-49岁人口的8%和41%。是高效力疫苗估计需求的38%，低/中效力疫苗估计需求的19%。缩小艾滋病毒疫苗的估计需求与可能接受量之间的差距，将是今后的一项重大公共卫生挑战。必须考虑到有针对性的疫苗接种与普遍接种的潜在利弊。(C)2002爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Once an effective HIV vaccine is discovered, a major challenge will be to ensure its world wide access. A preventive vaccine with low or moderate efficacy (30-50%) could be a valuable prevention tool, especially if targeted to populations at higher risk of HIV infection. High efficacy vaccines (80-90%) could be used in larger segments of the population. Estimated "needs" for future HIV vaccines were based on anticipated policies regarding target populations.Estimated "needs" were adjusted for "accessibility" and "acceptability" in the target populations, to arrive at an estimate of "probable uptake", i.e. courses of vaccine likely to be delivered. With a high efficacy vaccine, global needs are in the order of 690 million full immunization courses, targeting 22 and 69%, respectively, of the 15-49 years old, world wide and in sub-Saharan Africa, respectively. With a low/moderate efficacy vaccine targeted to populations at higher risk of HIV infection, the global needs were estimated to be 260 million full immunization courses, targeting 8 and 41%, respectively, of the world and sub-Saharan African population aged 15-49 years.The current estimate of probable uptake for hypothetical HIV vaccines, using existing health services and delivery systems, was 38% of the estimated need for a high efficacy vaccine, and 19% for a low/moderate efficacy vaccine. Bridging the gap between the estimated needs and the probable uptake for HIV vaccines will represent a major public health challenge for the future. The potential advantages and disadvantages of targeted versus universal vaccination will have to be considered. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.