Second Law of Economics
Second Law of Economics
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经济第二定律
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Mancini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Samad Khabbazi Oskouei;S. Mancini
活化能这是将几个分子激活到可以进行化学转化的状态所需的最小能量。即使是释放能量或放热的反应，在进入能量释放步骤之前，也需要这么多的能量输入。算法在数学和计算机科学中，这是指通过执行一系列特定的操作来解决反复出现的问题的过程。一个计算机程序可以被看作是一个精心设计的算法。算法被广泛应用于所有涉及信息技术的领域。变构：一种配基与蛋白质上的特定受体部位结合，改变其形状并改变其与第二位点另一配基的亲和力的现象。因此，酶的催化功能可以通过与小分子的相互作用而改变，这些小分子不仅作用于活性部位，而且作用于空间上不同的、变构的、不同专一性的部位。古细菌一类原核生物细菌，与普通细菌和所有其他现代生命形式有很大的不同。这些独特的细胞被命名为考古细菌，从古细菌到古细菌，这些独特的细胞被认为是围绕着富含硫的深海喷口进化而来的非常古老的细菌谱系的现代后代。三磷酸腺苷：由一个核苷酸(腺嘌呤)和三个磷酸基团连接而成的生物分子。它是生物体中参与能量运输的最重要的分子。它与水发生反应，通过释放自由能生成二磷酸腺苷(ADP)和磷酸，从而分离出它的一个磷酸基团。
Activation energy This is the minimum amount of energy required to activate a couple of molecules into the state from which they can undergo a chemical transformation. Even the energy-releasing, or exothermic, reactions require such an amount of energy input before they can proceed to the energyreleasing step. Algorithm In mathematics and computer science, this refers to a procedure that solves a recurrent problem through the conduction of a sequence of specified actions. A computer program can be viewed as an elaborate algorithm. Algorithms are widely used throughout all areas in which information technology is involved. Allostery The phenomenon through which a ligand binds to a specific receptor site on a protein, changing its shape and altering its affinity for another ligand at a second site. It follows that the catalytic function of an enzyme may be modified by interaction with small molecules acting not at the active site, but also at a spatially distinct, allosteric, site of different specificity. Archaebacteria Class of prokaryote bacteria very different from common bacteria, and from all other modern lifeforms. Named archaebacteria, from ‘archae’ for ‘ancient’, these unique cells are thought to be modern descendants of a very ancient lineage of bacteria that evolved around sulfur-rich deep sea vents. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) A biomolecule constituted of a nucleotide (adenine) plus three phosphate groups attached. It is the most important molecule involved in energy transport in living organisms. Its reaction with water detaches one of its phosphate groups, by giving rise to the formation of ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and phosphoric acid by liberating free energy.