Meiotic drive shapes rates of karyotype evolution in mammals
Meiotic drive shapes rates of karyotype evolution in mammals
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.13682
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Goldberg, Emma E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blackmon, Heath;Justison, Joshua;Goldberg, Emma E.
染色体数目也许是基因组最基本的特征，但可以解释这种特征在大型进化枝中进化的概括仍然难以捉摸。利用超过1000种哺乳动物的核型数据，我们开发并应用了一个染色体进化的系统发育模型，该模型将染色体数目的变化与核型形态联系起来。使用我们的模型，我们推断，染色体数目的进化率显着降低的核型，包括所有bibrachial或所有monobrachial染色体的物种比在这两种类型的形态的混合物的物种。我们认为，具有同质核型的物种可能代表减数分裂驱动作用以稳定核型的情况，有利于已经存在于基因组中的染色体形态。相反，混合核型类群中染色体数目的快速进化可能表明雌性减数分裂驱动极性的转换有利于染色体数目的变化。我们没有发现任何证据表明核型形态影响物种形成或灭绝的速度。此外，我们的文件，开关在减数分裂驱动极性可能是常见的，并已发生在大多数主要的哺乳动物的分支，核型的快速重塑可能比曾经认为的更常见。
Chromosome number is perhaps the most basic characteristic of a genome, yet generalizations that can explain the evolution of this trait across large clades have remained elusive. Using karyotype data from over 1000 mammals, we developed and applied a phylogenetic model of chromosome evolution that links chromosome number changes with karyotype morphology. Using our model, we infer that rates of chromosome number evolution are significantly lower in species with karyotypes that consist of either all bibrachial or all monobrachial chromosomes than in species with a mix of both types of morphologies. We suggest that species with homogeneous karyotypes may represent cases where meiotic drive acts to stabilize the karyotype, favoring the chromosome morphologies already present in the genome. In contrast, rapid bouts of chromosome number evolution in taxa with mixed karyotypes may indicate that a switch in the polarity of female meiotic drive favors changes in chromosome number. We do not find any evidence that karyotype morphology affects rates of speciation or extinction. Furthermore, we document that switches in meiotic drive polarity are likely common and have occurred in most major clades of mammals, and that rapid remodeling of karyotypes may be more common than once thought.