What is environmental racism for? Place-based harm and relational development
What is environmental racism for? Place-based harm and relational development
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DOI：
10.1080/23251042.2020.1790331
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发表时间：
2020-07-23
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Purifoy, Danielle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seamster, Louise;Purifoy, Danielle
本文认为，观察到的环境种族主义是有助于发展的白色的地方。而不是限制通过白色邻避主义制定的空间暴力的黑人社区的环境危害的观点，我们认为，这种腐败是什么生产白色的地方。我们称这个过程为“创造性提取”，即从黑人地区获取资源，投资于白色地区。这些资源包括递减销售税收入、供水和下水道基础设施以及因废物处理而贬值的土地。创造性的提取涉及到看似无关的演员加强在白色空间控制和场所建设的共同利益。借鉴我们的蒙哥马利县，得克萨斯州的案例研究，我们展示了如何发展，基础设施和环境危害是密切相关的，通过法律的和政治地位，资源再分配。我们专注于得克萨斯州的机制，通过“市政公用事业区”创建新的水基础设施，以说明如何apolicy可以创建文字和象征性的边界，使过度开发和欠发达。我们提出的社区之间的关系的Vantage位置，可以改善未来的研究环境种族主义和“城市”。
This paper argues that observed environmental racisms are instrumental to the development of white places. Rather than limiting the view of environmental harms to Black communities as spatial violence enacted via white NIMBYism, we argue that such spoilage is what produces white places. We call this process 'creative extraction,' the taking of resources from Black places to invest in white places. Those resources range from regressive sales tax revenues to water and sewer infrastructure to land devalued through waste disposal. Creative extraction involves seemingly unconnected actors reinforcing mutual interest in white spatial control and placemaking. Drawing on our case study of Montgomery County, Texas, we show how development, infrastructure, and environmental harm are intimately linked through legal and political contestation, and resource redistribution. We focus on Texas' mechanism for creating new water infrastructure through 'Municipal Utility Districts' to illustrate how apolicy can create literal and symbolic boundaries to enable overdevelopment and underdevelopment. Our proposed vantage point on the relationship between communities can improve future research on both environmental racism and 'the city'.