Crossings and Selections for Six Generations Based on Flower Vase Life to Create Lines with Ethylene Resistance or Ultra-long Vase Life in Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)
Crossings and Selections for Six Generations Based on Flower Vase Life to Create Lines with Ethylene Resistance or Ultra-long Vase Life in Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)
复制标题
DOI：
10.2503/jjshs1.80.486
复制
发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shibata, Michio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Onozaki, Takashi;Yagi, Masafumi;Shibata, Michio
切花的花瓶寿命是观赏植物中最重要的育种指标之一；因此，我们于1992年启动了一项研究育种计划，通过常规育种技术提高康乃馨（Dianthus caryophyllus L.）花的花瓶寿命。6代杂交和选择对提高花瓶寿命有效。6个亲本杂交产生的初代平均瓶龄为7.4 d；而经过6个交选周期后，则提高到15.9 d，净增8.5 d。从第5代到第6代，平均花瓶寿命显著增加0.9 d，表明第6代花瓶寿命的育种进展仍在继续。我们在第五代选择了两个耐乙烯系（203-42S和204-41S）。203-42S和204-41S对10亩L.L-1乙烯的响应时间分别为23.0 h和34.2 h，而对照品种‘白Sim’的响应时间为7.6 h。所选的18个6代品系的平均瓶龄为15.5 ~ 32.7 d，为‘白Sim’的258% ~ 536%。其中，花瓶寿命超长的532-6系花瓶寿命在所有品种和品系中最长；在23℃和70% RH条件下，在12小时的光周期下，未经化学处理，532-6系2007年和2008年的平均花瓶寿命分别为32.7天和27.8天（分别为“白色Sim”值的536%和463%）。对花瓣衰老过程的近距离观察表明，532-6系的花瓣没有褐色变色，这是其他低乙烯产量选育系的衰老症状，此时花失去了观赏价值。
The vase life of cut flowers is one of the most important breeding targets in ornamentals; therefore, we started a research breeding program in 1992 to improve the vase life of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers by means of conventional breeding techniques. Crossings and selections of six generations were effective to improve vase life. The mean vase life was 7.4 days for the initial parental generation derived from crossing six parental cultivars; in contrast, after six cycles of crossing and selection, it was improved to 15.9 days, resulting in a net increase of 8.5 days. Moreover, the significant increase of 0.9 days in mean vase life was observed from the fifth to sixth generations, indicating that the breeding progress of flower vase life was continuing in the sixth generation. We selected two ethylene-resistant lines (203-42S and 204-41S) in the fifth generation. The response time to 10 mu L.L-1 ethylene was 23.0 h for line 203-42S and 34.2 h for 204-41S, whereas that of a control cultivar, 'White Sim' was 7.6 h. The mean vase life of the 18 selected sixth-generation lines ranged from 15.5 to 32.7 days (between 258% and 536% the value of 'White Sim'). In particular, line 532-6 with an ultra-long vase life showed the longest vase life among all cultivars and lines; the mean vase life of line 532-6 was 32.7 days in 2007 and 27.8 days in 2008 (536% and 463% the value of 'White Sim', respectively) at 23 degrees C and 70% RH under a 12-h photoperiod, without chemical treatment. Closer observation of petals during senescence showed that line 532-6 was characterized by a lack of brownish discoloration of petals, which was a senescence symptom of other selected lines with low ethylene production, when the flower lost its ornamental value.