Soybean antiviral immunity conferred by dsRNase targets the viral replication complex
Soybean antiviral immunity conferred by dsRNase targets the viral replication complex
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-12052-5
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发表时间：
2019-09-27
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Kaga, Akito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ishibashi, Kazuhiro;Saruta, Masayasu;Kaga, Akito
真核正链RNA病毒在宿主细胞中形成的膜区室中复制其基因组，这将dsRNA复制中间体与抗病毒免疫监视隔离。在这里，我们发现大豆已经开发出一种克服这种隔离的方法。我们报告的位置克隆的广谱大豆花叶病毒抗性基因Rsv4，它编码的RNA酶H家族蛋白的dsRNA降解活性。Rsv4的活性位点突变体不能抑制病毒增殖，并且与感染细胞中的活性病毒RNA聚合酶复合物相关。这些结果表明Rsv4进入病毒复制区室并降解病毒dsRNA。受此模型的启发，我们设计了三种植物基因来源的dsRNases，可以抑制各自的目标病毒的增殖。这些发现提示了一种通过融合内源宿主基因来开发对任何靶正链RNA病毒具有抗性的作物的方法。
Eukaryotic positive-strand RNA viruses replicate their genomes in membranous compartments formed in a host cell, which sequesters the dsRNA replication intermediate from antiviral immune surveillance. Here, we find that soybean has developed a way to overcome this sequestration. We report the positional cloning of the broad-spectrum soybean mosaic virus resistance gene Rsv4, which encodes an RNase H family protein with dsRNA-degrading activity. An active-site mutant of Rsv4 is incapable of inhibiting virus multiplication and is associated with an active viral RNA polymerase complex in infected cells. These results suggest that Rsv4 enters the viral replication compartment and degrades viral dsRNA. Inspired by this model, we design three plant-gene-derived dsRNases that can inhibit the multiplication of the respective target viruses. These findings suggest a method for developing crops resistant to any target positive-strand RNA virus by fusion of endogenous host genes.