BEAMED MICROWAVE-POWER TRANSMISSION AND ITS APPLICATION TO SPACE
BEAMED MICROWAVE-POWER TRANSMISSION AND ITS APPLICATION TO SPACE
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/22.141357
复制
发表时间：
1992-06-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
EVES, EE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BROWN, WC;EVES, EE
概述了波束微波功率传输系统的一般原理和特殊部件，讨论了波束微波功率传输系统在空间工程中的应用。波束系统的定义是：从发射端直流电源开始，将其转换成微波波束通过空间传输，以接收端直流电源输出结束。利用这一定义，实验测量和认证的直流效率达到54%。束能对空间发展的主要贡献是其独特的跨越长距离和跨越重力势的巨大差异传输能量的能力，使太阳能卫星系统等空间发展成为可能。在这个系统中，地球静止轨道上的卫星从太阳获得的电能被传送到地球。详细讨论的应用是低地球轨道到地球静止轨道（LEO到GEO）的运输系统，该系统依赖于由电动推进器推动的车辆，其动力由源自地球表面的微波束提供。选择了该系统的一个场景，并给出了性能结果。列举了全电子系统相对于化学推进系统的优点。概述了空间推进的原理，特别是与电力推进有关的原理。讨论了系统终端的关键部件，包括“整流天线”，它在空间中提供连续直流电源，具有革命性的低质量比，输出直流功率为1kg /kW。讨论了环境方面的考虑。
The general principles and special components of beamed microwave power transmission systems are outlined and their application to the space program discussed. The beamed system is defined as starting with a dc source of power at the transmitting end, converting it to a microwave beam for transmission through space, and ending with the dc power out-put at the receiving end. Using this definition, an experimentally measured and certified dc to dc efficiency of 54% has been achieved. The major contribution of beamed power to the development of space is its unique ability to transfer energy across long distances and across large differences in gravitational potential, making possible such developments in space as the Solar Power Satellite system. In that system electric energy obtained from the sun by satellites in geostationary orbit is transmitted to Earth. The application that is discussed in detail is a low-Earth orbit to geostationary orbit (LEO to GEO) transportation system that depends upon vehicles propelled by electric thrusters whose power is supplied by a microwave beam originating at the Earth's surface. A scenario for such a system is chosen and the performance results presented. The advantages of the all electronic system over a chemically propelled system are enumerated. The principles of space propulsion, particularly as they relate to electric propulsion, are outlined. Key components at the terminals of the system are discussed including the "rectenna" which provides a source of continuous dc power in space with a revolutionary low ratio of mass to dc power output of 1 kg/kW. Environmental considerations are discussed.