Cellular and Extracellular Non-coding RNAs in Cardiac Physiology and Diseases
Cellular and Extracellular Non-coding RNAs in Cardiac Physiology and Diseases
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DOI：
10.1007/s12265-022-10270-9
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Tingting Yang;Songwei Ai;P. Gokulnath;Guoping Li;Junjie Xiao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tingting Yang;Songwei Ai;P. Gokulnath;Guoping Li;Junjie Xiao
尽管在过去20年中取得了相当大的进展，但心血管疾病（CVD）仍然是全球疾病和死亡的主要原因。心血管疾病触发不良心脏重塑，表现为肥大、炎症、纤维化和细胞凋亡，导致心力衰竭（HF）[1]。越来越多的证据表明，细胞和细胞外的非编码RNA（ncRNA）参与调节心脏的正常生理过程和心血管疾病的各种病理过程。对CVD中细胞和细胞外ncRNA的分子机制的持续和深入理解可能有助于早期诊断和基于RNA的新型治疗的开发[2]。这期题为“心脏生理学和疾病中的细胞和细胞外非编码RNA”的特刊包含10篇精选论文，致力于细胞和细胞外ncRNA在心血管生理学、病理生理学和疾病（如缺血性心脏病、高血压、糖尿病性心肌病、动脉粥样硬化和血管疾病）中的作用。细胞和细胞外ncRNA的作用已被仔细审查和讨论有关的临床诊断，治疗和预后评估的心血管疾病。在这个问题上，细胞ncRNA在CVD中的功能由两个小组描述。Zhong和Jin等人研究了microRNA（miR）-122-5p在高血压中的作用。他们证明，miR-122- 5 p通过调节apela/apelin-ACE 2-GDF 15信号转导，加重了血管紧张素II诱导的大鼠心肌纤维化和功能障碍。抑制miR-122- 5 p可以挽救大鼠心脏成纤维细胞中血管紧张素II诱导的细胞胀亡、迁移、炎症和氧化应激[3]。Shan和Fang等研究了环状RNA（circRNA）在心脏重塑中的功能和机制。他们发现，circ_0036176通过翻译Myo 9a-208蛋白抑制细胞周期蛋白/Rb通路来抑制mCF增殖[4]。这项工作拓宽了我们对ncRNA在心血管疾病中功能机制的理解。随后，一系列文章致力于介绍细胞外ncRNA在糖尿病心肌病、动脉粥样硬化、血管重塑和心肌梗死中的作用。Chen等人对细胞外ncRNA如何在糖尿病心肌病（DCM）中发挥作用的现有知识进行了全面综述，主要关注其生理病理学特性，并就生物标志物和治疗的潜在临床转化提供了关键观点[5]。Tang和Peng等人系统地综述了不同载体形式的不同ncRNA在动脉粥样硬化（AS）中的参与。他们还关注了细胞外ncRNA在AS中的作用和潜在机制，并介绍了其对临床治疗的潜在意义[6]。Dai等总结了细胞外ncRNA在病理性血管重塑相关疾病中的最新进展，描述了血管相关细胞外ncRNA及其作用机制[7]。Wang和Ding等人提供了关于病理过程中细胞外circRNA介导的串扰的最新信息。他们综述了缺血性心肌损伤和重塑中细胞外circRNA的调节[8]。这些文章提供了关于细胞外ncRNA作为心肌损伤和功能障碍的潜在治疗靶点的最新情况。
Despite considerable advances over the past 20 years, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have persisted as the leading global cause of illnesses and deaths. CVDs trigger adverse cardiac remodeling, manifested by hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis, leading to heart failure (HF)[1]. Accumulating evidence has shown that cellular and extracellular non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in regulating normal physiological processes of the heart and various pathological processes of CVDs. A continued and deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cellular and extracellular ncRNAs in CVDs may contribute to the development of early diagnosis and novel RNA-based therapy [2]. This special issue entitled “Cellular and Extracellular Non-coding RNAs in Cardiac Physiology and Diseases” contains ten selected papers dedicated to the role of cellular and extracellular ncRNAs on cardiovascular physiology, pathophysiology, and diseases such as ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetic cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, and vascular diseases. The roles of cellular and extracellular ncRNAs have been carefully reviewed and discussed concerning clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment of cardiovascular diseases. In this issue, the functions of cellular ncRNAs in CVDs were described by two groups. Zhong and Jin et al. investigated the role of microRNA (miR)-122-5p in hypertension. They proved that miR-122-5p aggravated angiotensin II-induced myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction in rats by modulating the elabela/apelin-ACE2-GDF15 signaling. Inhibition of miR-122-5p could rescue angiotensin II-induced cellular oncosis, migration, inflammation, and oxidative stress in rat cardiac fibroblasts [3]. Shan and Fang et al. investigated the function and mechanism of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in cardiac remodeling. They found that circ_0036176 inhibited mCF proliferation by translating Myo9a-208 protein to suppress the cyclin/Rb pathway [4]. This work broadened our understanding of the mechanisms underlying ncRNAs’ function in CVDs. A series of articles were then dedicated to introduce the role of extracellular ncRNAs in diabetic cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, vascular remodeling, and myocardial infarction. Chen et al. provided a comprehensive review of the present knowledge of how extracellular ncRNAs function in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), mainly focusing on their physio-pathological properties and offering critical perspectives with respect to potential clinical translation for biomarkers and therapies [5]. Tang and Peng et al. systemically reviewed the participation of different ncRNAs in atherosclerosis (AS) in various carrier forms. They also focused on the role and potential mechanisms of extracellular ncRNAs in AS and introduced their potential implications for clinical treatment [6]. Dai et al. summarized the latest advances of extracellular ncRNAs in pathological vascular remodelingassociated diseases and described vessel-associated extracellular ncRNAs and their mechanisms of action [7]. Wang and Ding et al. provided updated information about the crosstalk mediated by extracellular circRNAs in pathological processes. They reviewed the modulation of extracellular circRNAs in ischemic myocardial injury and remodeling [8]. These articles provide the latest picture about extracellular ncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for myocardial injury and dysfunction.