Private costs and public benefits: unraveling the effects of altruism and noisy behavior
Private costs and public benefits: unraveling the effects of altruism and noisy behavior
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DOI：
10.1016/s0047-2727(00)00160-2
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发表时间：
2002-02-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Laury, SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Goeree, JK;Holt, CA;Laury, SK
公共物品的共同边际价值的增加有两个效果：它增加了对他人贡献的收益，并且降低了贡献的净成本。这两种效应可以通过让贡献为自己带来不同于他人“外部”回报的“内部”回报来分解。我们在一系列一次性公共物品游戏中使用了这个框架，在这些游戏中，受试者在没有反馈的情况下在十种治疗方法中做出选择。外部回报和群体规模的贡献普遍增加，这表明这种情况下的利他主义不仅仅是“温暖的光芒”，即仅仅为了给予而给予。内部回报的贡献也在增加，这表明决策对帮助他人的成本很敏感。我们指定了一个 Logit 均衡模型，其中个人受到自己和他人收入的激励，并且选择是随机的。 （代表代理人）利他主义和 Logit 参数的最大似然估计是显着的并且具有合理的幅度，并且生成的双参数模型跟踪十种治疗的贡献模式。更丰富的模型揭示了个体利他系数的一些差异，男性受试者之间的分散程度更大。 (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. 保留所有权利。
An increase in the common marginal value of a public good has two effects: it increases the benefit of a contribution to others, and it reduces the net cost of making a contribution. These two effects can be decomposed by letting a contribution have an 'internal' return for oneself that differs from the 'external' return to someone else. We use this framework in a series of one-shot public goods games in which subjects make choices in ten treatments with no feedback. Contributions are generally increasing in the external return and group size, which suggests that altruism in this context is not simply of the 'warm glow' variety, i.e. giving only for the sake of giving. Contributions are also increasing in the internal return, indicating that decisions are sensitive to the costs of helping others. We specify a logit equilibrium model in which individuals are motivated by own and others' earnings, and in which choice is stochastic. Maximum likelihood estimates of (representative-agent) altruism and logit parameters are significant and of reasonable magnitudes, and the resulting two-parameter model tracks the pattern of contributions across the ten treatments. A richer model reveals some differences in individual altruism coefficients, with more dispersion among male subjects. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.