Children's Brain Responses to Optic Flow Vary by Pattern Type and Motion Speed.
Children's Brain Responses to Optic Flow Vary by Pattern Type and Motion Speed.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0157911
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fesi J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilmore RO;Thomas AL;Fesi J
被称为光流的全局视觉运动的结构模式提供了关于观察者自我运动的速度和方向以及环境几何形状的关键信息。大脑和行为对光流的反应经历了相当大的产后成熟，但相对较少的脑成像证据描述了运动处理系统在儿童早期到中期的发展过程，这一时期的心理物理数据表明存在敏感性的变化。为了填补这一空白，我们记录了4- 8岁儿童的脑电图（EEG）反应，他们以三种不同的速度（2、4和8度/秒）观看三种随时间变化的光流模式（平移、旋转和径向扩张/收缩）。整体运动相干性调制引起的脑电一谐波响应随流型而异，三谐波响应和点更新率随速度而异。模式相关的反应聚集在右侧通道上，而速度相关的反应聚集在中线通道上。儿童和成人都表现出对第二谐波运动相干性调制的广泛反应，这种调制对模式或速度没有选择性。结果表明，发育中的大脑将光流模式的处理与速度分离开来，并且在儿童早期到中期开始出现类似成人的光流神经反应模式。
Structured patterns of global visual motion called optic flow provide crucial information about an observer's speed and direction of self-motion and about the geometry of the environment. Brain and behavioral responses to optic flow undergo considerable postnatal maturation, but relatively little brain imaging evidence describes the time course of development in motion processing systems in early to middle childhood, a time when psychophysical data suggest that there are changes in sensitivity. To fill this gap, electroencephalographic (EEG) responses were recorded in 4- to 8-year-old children who viewed three time-varying optic flow patterns (translation, rotation, and radial expansion/contraction) at three different speeds (2, 4, and 8 deg/s). Modulations of global motion coherence evoked coherent EEG responses at the first harmonic that differed by flow pattern and responses at the third harmonic and dot update rate that varied by speed. Pattern-related responses clustered over right lateral channels while speed-related responses clustered over midline channels. Both children and adults show widespread responses to modulations of motion coherence at the second harmonic that are not selective for pattern or speed. The results suggest that the developing brain segregates the processing of optic flow pattern from speed and that an adult-like pattern of neural responses to optic flow has begun to emerge by early to middle childhood.