Drought indicators revisited: the need for a wider consideration of environment and society
Drought indicators revisited: the need for a wider consideration of environment and society
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/wat2.1154
复制
发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Overton, Ian C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bachmair, Sophie;Stahl, Kerstin;Overton, Ian C.
干旱指标正在激增，但很少考虑哪些指标对描述干旱影响最有意义。最近的一些审查对不同的干旱指标进行了比较，但没有一项审查评估在许多干旱监测和预警业务工作中实际使用了哪些指标，为什么选择这些指标，或者这些指标是否经过“实地验证”，即，与代表当地干旱状况和/或影响的信息进行比较。还缺乏对干旱影响监测状况的全面评估。为了帮助填补这一空白，我们联合收割机结合干旱指标和影响的审查，从全球到区域规模的业务干旱监测和预警系统的33个供应商的调查。尽管在业务上使用的指标有相当大的差异，但还是出现了某些模式。文献审查和调查都表明，影响监测确实存在，但很少系统化。测试干旱指标的工作主要集中在农业干旱方面。我们的审查指出，目前的趋势是设计和使用综合指标，但对指标与干旱影响之间的联系评价有限。总的来说，我们发现，在干旱指标的研究和实践方面都取得了很大进展，但监测和预警系统尚未与评估对环境和社会的更广泛影响密切联系起来。要充分了解干旱的影响，就需要更好地将干旱视为环境与社会之间的一种相互关联的动态。(C)2016 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Drought indicators are proliferating, but with little consideration of which are most meaningful for describing drought impacts. A number of recent reviews compare different drought indicators, but none assess which indicators are actually used in the many operational drought monitoring and early warning efforts, why they were selected, or whether they have been 'ground-truthed,' i.e., compared with information representing local drought conditions and/or impacts. Also lacking is a comprehensive assessment of the state of monitoring drought impacts. To help fill this gap, we combine a review of drought indicators and impacts with a survey of 33 providers of operational drought monitoring and early warning systems from global to regional scales. Despite considerable variety in the indicators used operationally, certain patterns emerge. Both the literature review and the survey reveal that impact monitoring does exist but has rarely been systematized. Efforts to test drought indicators have mostly focused on agricultural drought. Our review points to a current trend towards the design and use of composite indicators, but with limited evaluation of the links between indicators and drought impacts. Overall, we find that much progress has been made both in research and practice on drought indicators, but monitoring and early warning systems are not yet strongly linked with the assessment of wider impacts on the environment and society. To understand drought impacts fully requires a better framing of drought as a coupled dynamic between the environment and society. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.