Good Governance for Food, Water and Energy Security
Good Governance for Food, Water and Energy Security
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粮食、水和能源安全的良好治理
DOI：
10.1016/j.aqpro.2013.07.005
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Goswami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
U. Lele;M. Klousia;S. Goswami
自2007年粮食和能源价格上涨以来，粮食和水安全已成为全球议程的首要问题。人们认为，解决粮食、水和能源之间的关系对于以透明和公平的方式满足日益增长的全球需求而不损害可持续性越来越重要。本文认为，鉴于粮食、水和能源安全的独特区域和部门挑战，必须解构它们之间的关系，以找到有效的、因地制宜的解决方案。治理挑战是每个区域的核心问题。治理的定义多种多样，但除了少数几个明显的例外，对这些定义的分析相对较少。反过来，治理问题又体现在全球、区域、国家和地方各级采用的政策、体制、技术和筹资办法中。此外，各级之间的强有力互动促使对具体事件和结果作出政策反应。目前的治理安排，即使存在，也远远不足以应对这些挑战。这些问题的根源在于缺乏战略明确性，利益攸关方之间在权力、发言权和获取信息、资源以及施加良好影响以产生公平和可持续成果的能力方面存在不平等分配。在单个利益相关者的短期利益和长期整体解决方案之间往往存在巨大的权衡。本文件使用了来自最近全球发展以及中国和印度的例证，说明应将治理问题的实证分析置于全球议程的首位。在每一级，治理都影响到为应对这些艰巨挑战而选择的政策、机构和成果。
Food and water security have moved to the top of the global agenda following the food and energy price increases that started in 2007. Addressing the food, water and energy nexus is considered increasingly important for transparently and equitably meeting increasing global demand without compromising sustainability. This paper argues that given the unique regional and sector challenges of food, water and energy security, their nexus must be deconstructed to find effective, contextualized solutions. And governance challenges are at the heart of the nexus in each region. Governance is defined in various ways, but, with a few notable exceptions, the definitions have undergone relatively little analysis. In turn, governance issues are imbedded in policy, institutional, technological and financing options exercised at the global, regional, national and local levels. Furthermore, strong interactions between levels prompt policy responses to specific events and outcomes. The cu rent governance arrangements, where they exist at all, are woefully inadequate to address the challenges. They are imbedded in a lack of strategic clarity, and among stakeholders there is an unequal distribution of power, voice and access to information, resources and the capability to exercise a sound influence which will produce equitable and sustainable outcomes. Often there are huge tradeoffs between the short-term wins of individual stakeholders and long-term holistic solutions. This paper uses illustrative examples from recent global developments, as well as from China and India, to make the case for placing empirical analysis of governance issues at the top of the global agenda. At each level, governance is ues affect the choice of policies, institutions and outcomes for addressing these daunting challenges.