Effects of humidity on the development of grapevine powdery mildew
Effects of humidity on the development of grapevine powdery mildew
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DOI：
10.1094/phyto.2003.93.9.1137
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Wilcox, WF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carroll, JE;Wilcox, WF
研究了湿度对葡萄白粉病在葡萄幼苗上生长发育及葡萄白粉病分生孢子萌发的影响。研究在252 ℃的最佳温度下进行。叶片上的病害明显受到39 - 98%相对湿度（RH）测试范围内的湿度水平的影响，对应于1.914 - 61 Pa的蒸汽压赤字（VPD）。发病率和严重程度随着湿度的增加而增加，最佳接近85%RH，然后出现高原或在较高的值略有下降。分生孢子密度和链长也与湿度成正比，但影响不太强烈。当相对湿度小于或等于84%时，分生孢子萌发率与湿度呈显著的正相关。然而，发芽频率急剧下降，在RH水平高于平均值87%。所有的湿度措施同样准确地预测发芽反应，然而，VPD是稍微更有效的比RH占疾病发展和病原体孢子形成的影响，都比绝对湿度更有效。湿度似乎在葡萄藤白粉病流行病学中起着重要作用，证实了管理措施的好处，以避免和减轻葡萄园树冠的高湿度。
The effects of humidity on powdery mildew development on grape seedlings and the germination of Uncinula necator conidia in vitro were examined. Studies were conducted at an optimum temperature of 25 2degreesC. Disease on foliage was markedly affected by humidity levels in the test range of 39 to 98% relative humidity (RH), corresponding to vapor pressure deficits (VPD) of 1.914 to 61 Pa. Incidence and severity increased with increasing humidity to an optimum near 85% RH, and then appeared to plateau or decrease marginally at higher values. Conidial density and chain length also were proportional to humidity, but were influenced less strongly. There was a strong, positive linear relationship between humidity level and frequency of conidium germination with RH treatments of less than or equal to84%. However, germination frequency fell sharply at RH levels above a mean of 87%. All measures of humidity were equally accurate in predicting germination responses; however, VPD was slightly more effective than RH in accounting for effects on disease development and pathogen sporulation, and both were more effective than absolute humidity. Humidity appears to play a significant role in grapevine powdery mildew epidemiology, confirming the benefits of management practices to avoid and mitigate high humidity in the vineyard canopy.