Metrics for a nature-positive world: A multiscale approach for absolute environmental sustainability assessment
Metrics for a nature-positive world: A multiscale approach for absolute environmental sustainability assessment
复制标题
积极自然世界的指标：绝对环境可持续性评估的多尺度方法
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157373
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Bakshi, Bhavik R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xue, Ying;Bakshi, Bhavik R.
绝对环境可持续性（AES）指标包括自然的承载能力作为参考，以深入了解人类活动超过生态系统极限的程度，并鼓励采取行动恢复和保护自然。现有的确定AES指标的方法依赖于行星边界（PB）和生态系统服务的框架。这项工作提供了新的见解，这些方法之间的关系，并表明，AES指标的基础上的技术生态协同作用（TES）的框架更适合鼓励自然积极的决定。基于PB的AES指标缩小了地球边界或提高了当地生态系统服务，但它们在地球上所有用户之间划分了可用的服务，并限制了生物物理信息的使用。相比之下，基于TES的指标遵循多尺度方法，该方法考虑了由生物物理数据和模型估计的当地生态系统服务，并将其与多个较粗尺度的降尺度服务相结合。这些指标可以为当地生态系统服务的利益攸关方提供信贷，从而鼓励生态系统的保护和恢复。一般来说，行星边界框架侧重于具有全球重要性的进程，目前包括对全球稳定至关重要的九个行星边界。TES框架考虑了从地方到全球范围的生态系统服务，可用于精确确定任何空间尺度的绝对环境可持续性。理论分析表明，基于TES的指标更具通用性，在一定条件下可以专门化为基于PB的指标。通过多个空间尺度和各种生态系统服务的案例研究，我们表明，基于TES的指标更强大，主观性更低，更适合鼓励向自然积极的世界转变。
Absolute environmental sustainability (AES) metrics include nature's carrying capacity as a reference to provide insight into the extent to which human activities exceed ecosystem limits, and to encourage actions toward restoration and protection of nature. Existing methods for determining AES metrics rely on the frameworks of Planetary boundaries (PB) and Ecosystem Services. This work provides new insight into the relationship between these methods and demonstrates that AES metrics based on the framework of techno-ecological synergy (TES) are better suited to encouraging nature-positive decisions. PB-based AES metrics downscale planetary boundaries or upscale local ecosystem services, but they partition available services among all users across the planet and make limited use of biophysical information. In contrast, TES-based metrics follow a multiscale approach that accounts for local ecosystem services estimated by biophysical data and models, and combine them with downscaled services from multiple coarser scales. These metrics can provide credit to stakeholders for local ecosystem services, thus encouraging ecosystem protection and restoration. Generally, the PB framework focuses on processes of global importance which currently include nine planetary boundaries that are critical for global stability. The TES framework considers ecosystem services from local to global scales and can be used for determining absolute environmental sustainability precisely at any spatial scale. Theoretical analysis shows that TES-based metrics are more general and can be specialized to PB-based metrics under certain conditions. Through case studies at multiple spatial scales and for various ecosystem services, we show that TES-based metrics are more robust, less subjective, and better suited for encouraging transformation to a nature-positive world.