The global tuberculosis situation and the new control strategy of the World Health Organization.
The global tuberculosis situation and the new control strategy of the World Health Organization.
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DOI：
10.1590/s0042-96862001000100014
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发表时间：
1991-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Kochi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Kochi
1989 - 1990年，卫生组织结核病股进行了一项特别研究，通过审查官方统计数字以及已发表和未发表的实地研究提供的数据，确定全球结核病问题的性质和严重程度。报告说，目前世界上约有17亿人感染了结核杆菌，占世界人口的三分之一，其中800万人是在发展中国家和工业化国家新发现的。据估计，1990年该疾病导致290万人死亡，成为世界上单一病原体死亡的最大原因。虽然死亡人数最多的地区是东南亚地区（94万人）、西太平洋地区（89万人）和非洲地区（66万人），但据估计，工业化国家每年仍有4万多人死亡。鉴于世界上目前的结核病情况，世卫组织制定了一项新的结核病控制战略，该战略是在过去两年一系列讲习班和个案研究的基础上制定的。这些战略包括：（一）以短期化疗取代标准化疗，以提高治愈率;及（二）扩展结核病服务。
In 1989/90 the WHO Tuberculosis Unit undertook a special study to determine the nature and magnitude of the global tuberculosis problem by reviewing the official statistics and the available data from both published and unpublished field studies. The findings revealed that about 1700 million people or one-third of the worlds population are or have been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis with 8 million new cases found in developing and industrialized countries. It estimated that the disease caused 2.9 million deaths in 1990 making this the largest cause of death from a single pathogen in the world. While the largest number of deaths occurred in the Southeast Asian Region (940000) the Western Pacific Region (890000) and the African Region (660000) it is estimated that more than 40000 deaths still occur annually in the industrialized nations. Given the existing tuberculosis situation in the world the WHO has developed a new tuberculosis control strategy the development of which was based on a series of workshops and case studies in the last 2 years. These strategies include: 1) the introduction of short-course chemotherapy in place of the standard chemotherapy to improve the cure rate; and 2) the expansion of tuberculosis services.