SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS-B VIRUS IN A POPULATION OF INJECTING DRUG-USERS - ASSOCIATION WITH DRUG INJECTION PATTERNS
SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS-B VIRUS IN A POPULATION OF INJECTING DRUG-USERS - ASSOCIATION WITH DRUG INJECTION PATTERNS
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117639
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发表时间：
1995-08-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
NELSON, KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LEVINE, OS;VLAHOV, D;NELSON, KE
为了调查注射吸毒者中B型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的流行病学，作者评估了1988-1989年在马里兰州的巴尔的摩通过街头外展招募的2,558名注射吸毒者中HBV血清标志物的流行情况。80%的吸毒者至少有一种HBV血清标志物。HBV血清阳性与年龄增加、注射吸毒持续时间、非裔美国人种族、每天至少注射一次毒品以及在过去11年中共用针头或访问“射击场”有关，但与高危性行为或性传播疾病史无关。这一发现可能是由于与注射吸毒者的肠胃外传播相比，性传播的效率相对较低。此外，HBV血清阳性与丙型肝炎病毒和人类免疫缺陷病毒血清阳性密切相关。作者的结论是，注射吸毒者之间的HBV传播主要是通过共享受污染的药物注射设备而不是通过性关系发生的，预防HBV感染的努力必须：在注射吸毒者的注射生涯早期针对他们。
To investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among injecting drug users, the authors assessed the prevalence of HBV seromarkers among 2,558 injecting drug users recruited through street outreach in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1988-1989. Eighty percent of the drug users had at least one HBV seromarker. HBV seropositivity was associated with increasing age, duration of injecting drug use, African-American ethnicity, injecting drugs at least once daily, and sharing needles or visiting ''shooting galleries'' during the previous 11 years, but not with high-risk sexual behaviors or a history of sexually transmitted disease, This finding is possibly due to the relative inefficiency of sexual transmission as compared with parenteral transmission in injecting drug users. In addition, HBV seropositivity was strongly associated with seropositivity for hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus. The authors conclude that HBV transmission among injecting drug users occurs primarily through the sharing of contaminated drug injecting equipment rather than through sexual relations, and that efforts to prevent HBV infection must: target injecting drug users early in their injecting careers.