The Inheritance of Race Revisited: Childhood Wealth and Income and Black-White Disadvantages in Adult Life Chances
The Inheritance of Race Revisited: Childhood Wealth and Income and Black-White Disadvantages in Adult Life Chances
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DOI：
10.15195/v7.a25
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Legewie, Joscha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brady, David;Finnigan, Ryan;Legewie, Joscha
大规模的种族不平等继续在美国各地普遍存在，并与经济资源密切相关。一个特别突出的论点认为，童年财富占黑人白人（BW）在生活机会方面的劣势。本文分析了童年财富和童年收入在多大程度上介导了成年生活机会中的BW劣势，收入动态面板研究和20世纪80年代和90年代2015年30岁以上儿童的跨国等效文件数据。与以前的研究相比，我们利用了更长的面板数据，更全面地评估了18种结果的成年生活机会，并更严格地衡量了收入和财富。我们发现大BW的缺点，在大多数结果。童年时期的财富和收入在大多数体重劣势中占很大比例，尽管即使在对童年时期的财富和收入进行调整后，也有一些明显的体重劣势。这些证据大多与童年财富比童年收入更重要的突出主张相矛盾。事实上，大多数分析表明，童年收入解释更多的BW的不利条件，并有较大的标准化系数比童年财富。我们还展示了先前财富研究的局限性如何解释为什么我们的结论不同。全国青年纵向调查和各种稳健性检查的重复支持这些结论。
Vast racial inequalities continue to prevail across the United States and are closely linked to economic resources. One particularly prominent argument contends that childhood wealth accounts for black-white (BW) disadvantages in life chances. This article analyzes how much childhood wealth and childhood income mediate BW disadvantages in adult life chances with Panel Study of Income Dynamics and Cross-National Equivalent File data on children from the 1980s and 1990s who were 30+ years old in 2015. Compared with previous research, we exploit longer panel data, more comprehensively assess adult life chances with 18 outcomes, and measure income and wealth more rigorously. We find large BW disadvantages in most outcomes. Childhood wealth and income mediate a substantial share of most BW disadvantages, although there are several significant BW disadvantages even after adjusting for childhood wealth and income. The evidence mostly contradicts the prominent claim that childhood wealth is more important than childhood income. Indeed, the analyses mostly show that childhood income explains more of BW disadvantages and has larger standardized coefficients than childhood wealth. We also show how limitations in prior wealth research explain why our conclusions differ. Replication with the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and a variety of robustness checks support these conclusions.