Cloning of the rat gene encoding choline acetyltransferase, a cholinergic neuron-specific marker.
Cloning of the rat gene encoding choline acetyltransferase, a cholinergic neuron-specific marker.
复制标题
编码胆碱乙酰转移酶（一种胆碱能神经元特异性标记）的大鼠基因的克隆。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.89.10.4387
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Joh,TH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hahn,M;Hahn,SL;Stone,DM;Joh,TH
神经递质乙酰胆碱由胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT; EC 2.3.1.6）合成。由于ChAT在神经系统中的表达仅限于胆碱能神经元，因此它可作为这些神经元的特异性标记物。在阿尔茨海默病中，受影响的大脑区域的ChAT活性显著降低。神经生长因子在体内外均能增强脑胆碱能神经元ChAT活性。我们克隆了大鼠ChAT基因，并鉴定了一个5'端非编码外显子和14个外显子，占整个编码序列。外显子组织与进化过程中保守的蛋白质结构域进行比较。这些外显子分布在大鼠基因组中至少64个内含子上;最大的内含子至少有14个内含子长。在紧邻非编码外显子的已确认序列上游的0.7-组氨酸酶区域内，发现了TATA样元件和许多转录因子的潜在结合位点，包括AP-1、Sp1、八聚体结合因子、CTF/NF-1和核癌蛋白Myb。
The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is synthesized by choline acetyltransferase (ChAT; EC 2.3.1.6). Since the expression of ChAT in the nervous system is restricted to cholinergic neurons, it serves as a specific marker for these neurons. In Alzheimer disease, ChAT activity is markedly reduced in the affected brain areas. Nerve growth factor can increase the ChAT activity of brain cholinergic neurons in vitro and in vivo. We have cloned the rat ChAT gene and identified one 5' noncoding exon and 14 exons that account for the entire coding sequence. The exon organization is compared with the protein domains conserved during evolution. These exons are distributed over at least 64 kilobases in the rat genome; the largest intron is at least 14 kilobases long. Within a 0.7-kilobase region immediately upstream of the confirmed sequence of the noncoding exon, TATA-like elements and numerous potential binding sites for transcription factors are found, including AP-1, Sp1, octamer-binding factor(s), CTF/NF-1, and the nuclear oncoprotein Myb.