Public Health Education in India and China: History, Opportunities, and Challenges
Public Health Education in India and China: History, Opportunities, and Challenges
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03391628
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Tang, Jin-Ling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bangdiwala, Shrikant I.;Tucker, Joseph D.;Tang, Jin-Ling
中国和印度的公共卫生教育有着悠久的历史，既深刻响应各自国家的独特需求和医学传统，又对全球影响敏感。中国公共卫生教育的历史可以追溯到几个世纪前，在民国时期（1911-1949）美国和欧洲组织的大量投入。印度数百年的医疗保健传统在1947年独立之前受到大英帝国殖民时期的影响。20世纪40年代两国的政治动荡进一步影响了公共卫生系统和公共卫生教育。本次回顾的主要目的是概述印度和中国大陆的公共卫生教育，重点描述促进正规化公共卫生教育发展的历史制度和结构。我们研究当前的挑战，并分析改进的机会。中国和印度的卫生改革需要考虑新的现代公共卫生教育模式，也许是在独立的公共卫生学院，以重振公共卫生教育并加强公共卫生在应对21世纪健康挑战中的地位。
Public health education in China and India has a long history that has been both deeply responsive to the unique needs and medical traditions of each country, and sensitive to global influences. The history of public health education in China reaches back several centuries, with substantial input from American and European organizations during the Republican Era, 1911-1949. In India, centuries-old health care traditions were influenced during the colonial period by the British Empire prior to independence in 1947. Political upheaval in both countries during the 1940s further impacted the public health systems as well as public health education.The primary goal of this review is to outline public health education in India and Mainland China, with a focus on describing the historical systems and structures that have promoted the development of formalized public health education. We examine current challenges, and analyze opportunities for improvement. Health reforms in China and India need to consider new and modern models for public health education, perhaps in independent faculties of public health, to reinvigorate public health education and strengthen the position of public health in addressing the health challenges of the 21st century.