Utilization of Soybean Meal as Protein Source in Diets for Rainbow Trout.

Utilization of Soybean Meal as Protein Source in Diets for Rainbow Trout.
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利用豆粕作为虹鳟鱼饲料中的蛋白质来源。

DOI：
10.2331/suisan.58.1983
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takeshi Watanabe
Takeshi Watanabe
中科院分区：
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Pongmaneerat;Takeshi Watanabe

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为了研究脱脂豆粕（SBM）及其膨化粉（ExSBM）作为白鱼粉（WFM）的部分替代品的利用，在日粮中使用它们以30%、40%、50%的水平替代WFM。还尝试了用 25% SBM 和 15% 玉米蛋白粉 (CGM) 的组合替代饮食中 40% 的 WFM。将每种饲料在 12±2°C 下随意喂给重复组的虹鳟鱼 Oncorhynchus mykiss（平均 12.1 克）7 周。 SBM-CGM 饮食产生了最好的表现。其他饮食中鱼类的生长几乎与饮食中的 SBM 或 ExSBM 水平呈负相关，这可能是由于蛋白质和能量摄入量较低。然而，这些组中单位蛋白质摄入量的增长率几乎与对照组相当。 SBM 组和 ExSBM 组之间的生长和饲料效率没有显着差异，但在 50% 的水平上，由于挤压产品采食量的增加而导致生长改善。无论是否包含 SBM 或 ExSBM，所有情况下膳食蛋白质的表观消化率均高达 90-94%；但淀粉的这些值相对于两种成分而言均下降，导致能量消化率降低。因此，为了有效利用 SBM，与 CGM 结合使用效果更好，可将饮食中的 WFM 减少高达 40%（取代 63% 的 WFM）。
In order to study the utilization of defatted soybean meal (SBM) and its extruded meal (ExSBM) as a partial replacement for white fish meal (WFM), they were used to substitute WFM at levels of 30, 40, 50% in diets. A combination of 25% SBM and 15% corn gluten meal (CGM) substituting WFM of 40% in the diet was also tried. Each diet was fed ad libitum to duplicate groups of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (12.1g on average) for 7 weeks at 12±2°C. The SBM-CGM diet produced the best performance. The growth of fish on other diets was almost inversely related to dietary SBM or ExSBM levels, probably due to the lower protein and energy intake. However, the growth rate per protein intake in these groups was almost com-parable to that of the control group. There was no marked difference in growth and feed efficiency between the SBM and ExSBM groups, except at a 50% level where there was improved growth due to an enhanced feed intake of the extruded product. Apparent digestibility of dietary protein in all cases was as high as 90-94%, irrespective of inclusion of SBM or ExSBM; but these values of starch decreased in relation to both ingredients, leading to reduced energy digestibility. Thus, for effective utilization of SBM, a combination with CGM was found to be better, reducing WFM up to 40% in the diet (replacing 63% of WFM).