Interacting effects of cognitive load and adult age on the regularity of whole-body motion during treadmill walking.
Interacting effects of cognitive load and adult age on the regularity of whole-body motion during treadmill walking.
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认知负荷和成人年龄对跑步机行走期间全身运动规律的相互作用影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
U. Lindenberger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Julius Verrel;M. Lövdén;M. Schellenbach;Sabine Schaefer;U. Lindenberger
我们调查了3个年龄组（20-30岁，60-70岁和70-80岁）的女性和男性在跑步机行走过程中，并发认知任务难度（n-back）对全身运动规律性的影响。使用主成分分析的个人步态模式，我们分离的主要（规则）从残留（不规则）的全身运动的组成部分。剩余方差比例（RV）被用作步态不规则性的指标。在所有年龄组的步态变得更有规律（减少RV）后，介绍了一个简单的认知任务（1回），相对于步行没有并发的认知任务。相比之下，从1-back到4-back的参数化增加工作记忆负荷导致年龄差异效应，20-30岁的步态模式变得更规则，70-80岁的步态模式变得不那么规则，60-70岁的步态模式没有显着影响。我们的研究结果支持感觉运动-认知相互作用的双过程解释（O。Huxhold，S. C. Li，F. Schmiedek和U. Lindenberger，2006），内部与外部注意力集中的年龄一般效应和随着认知任务难度增加的资源竞争的年龄特异性效应。
We investigated effects of concurrent cognitive task difficulty (n-back) on the regularity of whole-body movements during treadmill walking in women and men from 3 age groups (20-30, 60-70, and 70-80 years old). Using principal component analysis of individual gait patterns, we separated main (regular) from residual (irregular) components of whole-body motion. Proportion of residual variance (RV) was used as an index of gait irregularity. The gait in all age groups became more regular (reduced RV) upon introduction of a simple cognitive task (1-back), relative to walking without a concurrent cognitive task. In contrast, parametrically increasing working memory load from 1-back to 4-back led to age-differential effects, with gait patterns becoming more regular in those 20-30 years old, becoming less regular in those 70-80 years old, and showing no significant effects in those 60-70 years old. Our results support the dual-process account of sensorimotor-cognitive interactions (O. Huxhold, S.-C. Li, F. Schmiedek, and U. Lindenberger, 2006), with age-general effects of internal versus external attentional focus and age-specific effects of resource competition with increasing cognitive task difficulty.