Functional specialization of the medial temporal lobes in human recognition memory: dissociating effects of hippocampal vs parahippocampal damage
Functional specialization of the medial temporal lobes in human recognition memory: dissociating effects of hippocampal vs parahippocampal damage
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人类识别记忆中内侧颞叶的功能特化：海马与海马旁损伤的分离效应
DOI：
10.1101/2020.01.25.919423
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Argyropoulos G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Argyropoulos G
在记忆的系统神经科学中，一个中心的争论是关于不同的内侧颞叶（MTL）结构是否支持不同的再认记忆过程。使用两个识别记忆范例，我们测试了一个罕见的病人（MH）与嗅周病变，似乎备用海马。与以前的类似病例一致，MH表现出熟悉性受损和保留的记忆。当与海马病变的患者相比，出现备用嗅周皮质，MH表现出更大的损害熟悉和回忆。然而，与健康对照组相比，海马患者也表现出受损的熟悉感。然而，当取代这种传统的患者分类与分析有关的记忆性能的连续措施的损害，患者之间，海马体积唯一预测回忆，而海马旁，而不是嗅周，体积唯一预测熟悉。我们考虑是否熟悉障碍MH和我们的患者海马病变引起的“阈下”损伤海马旁皮质（PHC）。我们的数据提供了最令人信服的神经心理学支持识别记忆的双过程模型，回忆和熟悉依赖于不同的MTL结构，并可能支持PHC熟悉的作用。我们的研究强调了补充单一病例研究的价值，即在更大的患者群体中检查连续的大脑行为关系。
A central debate in the systems neuroscience of memory concerns whether different medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures support different processes in recognition memory. Using two recognition memory paradigms, we tested a rare patient (MH) with a perirhinal lesion that appeared to spare the hippocampus. Consistent with a similar previous case, MH showed impaired familiarity and preserved recollection. When compared with patients with hippocampal lesions appearing to spare perirhinal cortex, MH showed greater impairment on familiarity and less on recollection. Nevertheless, the hippocampal patients also showed impaired familiarity compared with healthy controls. However, when replacing this traditional categorization of patients with analyses relating memory performance to continuous measures of damage across patients, hippocampal volume uniquely predicted recollection, whereas parahippocampal, rather than perirhinal, volume uniquely predicted familiarity. We consider whether the familiarity impairment in MH and our patients with hippocampal lesions arises from “subthreshold” damage to parahippocampal cortex (PHC). Our data provide the most compelling neuropsychological support yet for dual-process models of recognition memory, whereby recollection and familiarity depend on different MTL structures, and may support a role for PHC in familiarity. Our study highlights the value of supplementing single-case studies with examinations of continuous brain–behavior relationships across larger patient groups.