Changes in microbial heterotrophic diversity along five plant successional sequences
Changes in microbial heterotrophic diversity along five plant successional sequences
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DOI：
10.1016/s0038-0717(01)00142-0
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
L.A Schipper;B. Degens;G. Sparling;L. C. Duncan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L.A Schipper;B. Degens;G. Sparling;L. C. Duncan
人们对与生态系统发展相关的微生物多样性的变化知之甚少。我们测量了五个不同生态系统在不同发展阶段的微生物异养均匀度(多样性的一个组成部分)和其他土壤/腐殖质特性(包括基础呼吸、底物诱导呼吸、pH、总C、N和P)，并用植物组合来确定演替序列的阶段。我们的目标是确定微生物异养均匀度的建立是否存在与生态系统发展的共同模式，以及均匀度的变化是否与土壤性质相关。样本收集自五个序列：吉斯伯恩陆滑(一系列重新生长的山体滑坡伤痕)；塔拉维拉火山(火山喷发空中沉积的火山灰的初级演替)；兰吉托托岛(火山喷发产生的熔岩流的初级演替)；弗朗茨·约瑟夫(冰川消退后在砾石上开始的初级演替)；瑞典群岛(支持不同阶段植物演替的一系列不同大小的岛屿)。异养多样性是使用分解代谢反应谱技术来测量的，该技术测量了用25种不同碳底物修正的样品在4小时孵育期间的二氧化碳外流。利用辛普森-尤尔指数(Simpson-Yule index)(最大可能为25)，根据二氧化碳响应计算异养均匀度。对于Tarawera和Gisborne序列，异养均匀度在演替的第一阶段显著较低(分别为11.5和19.9)，但随后趋于平缓，范围在21到23之间。随着Rangitoto和Franz Josef序列的演替，异养均匀度显著下降，而瑞典岛序列则没有变化趋势。Rangitoto(r=0.51，P<；0.01)、Gisborne(r=0.88，P<；0.01)和瑞典群岛序列(r=0.52，P<；0.01)的异养均匀度与基础呼吸之间存在显著的线性相关，而Franz Josef(r=0.69，P<；0.06)的相关关系不显著。两个序列(兰吉托岛和瑞典岛)上的植物均匀度与异养均匀度没有相关性。这些数据表明，在大干扰之后，异养均匀度迅速恢复，一旦有机物质输入发生，随后就会下降。异养均匀度的变化模式可能在一定程度上取决于可供异养生物利用的有机碳或资源的变化。
Little is known about the changes in microbial diversity associated with ecosystem development. We measured microbial heterotrophic evenness (a component of diversity) and other soil/humus properties (including basal respiration, substrate-induced respiration, pH, total C, N and P) at different stages in the development of five different ecosystems, with plant assemblages being used to define the phase in the successional sequence. Our objectives were to determine whether there were common patterns in establishment of microbial heterotrophic evenness with ecosystem development and whether changes in evenness were correlated to soil properties. Samples were collected from five sequences: Gisborne land slips (a chronosequence of re-vegetating landslip scars); Mount Tarawera (primary succession on aerially-deposited ash from a volcanic eruption); Rangitoto island (primary succession on a lava flow from a volcanic eruption); Franz Josef (primary succession initiated on gravels after the retreat of a glacier); and Swedish islands (a series of islands of differing size supporting different stages of plant succession). Heterotrophic diversity was measured using the catabolic response profile technique where CO2efflux is measured during a 4-h incubation of samples amended with 25 different carbon substrates. Heterotrophic evenness was calculated from the CO2responses using the Simpson–Yule index (maximum possible is 25). For Tarawera and Gisborne sequences, heterotrophic evenness was significantly lower at the first stage of succession (11.5 and 19.9, respectively), but subsequently plateaued, ranging between 21 and 23. Heterotrophic evenness declined significantly with succession at Rangitoto and Franz Josef sequences, but there was no trend along the Swedish island sequence. Despite the lack of a common pattern of heterotrophic evenness along all the sequences, there were significant linear correlations between heterotrophic evenness and basal respiration for Rangitoto (r=0.51, P<0.01), Gisborne (r=0.88, P<0.01) and the Swedish islands sequences (r=0.52, P<0.01), while the relationship was marginal at Franz Josef (r=0.69, P<0.06), but not significant at the Tarawera sequence. Plant evenness along two sequences (Rangitoto and Swedish islands) was not correlated with heterotrophic evenness. These data suggest that heterotrophic evenness re-establishes rapidly following major disturbance once organic matter inputs occur then subsequently declines. Patterns of change in heterotrophic evenness may, in part, be dependent on changes in the availability of organic carbon or resources to heterotrophs.