Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in the growth and development of the prostate.
Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in the growth and development of the prostate.
复制标题
前列腺生长和发育中的间充质-上皮相互作用。
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4613-1595-7_9
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Donjacour,AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cunha,GR;Donjacour,AA
前列腺内的导管网络起源于固体上皮生长物（前列腺芽），这些生长物从发育中的膀胱正下方的内胚层泌尿生殖窦（UGS）中出现，并生长到周围的间质（疏松的未分化的胎儿结缔组织）中。在人类胎儿中，第一个上皮芽在妊娠第 10 周左右从尿道前列腺部出现[1-5]。导管的长度迅速增长、树枝化和运河化。到 13 周时，大约有 70 个初级导管，其中一些表现出分泌细胞分化 [1, 3]。前列腺芽起源于人类前列腺尿道的不同部位，分为五个不同的组[1]。这一观察导致洛斯利最初提出前列腺叶的概念。在小鼠胎儿中，前列腺芽在妊娠第 17 天出现（阴道塞=第 0 天），而在胎儿大鼠中，前列腺芽在 1 至 2 天后出现 [6]。在小鼠中，每侧 1 到 3 个主导管从 UGS 的腹侧出现，而每侧大约 20 到 25 个导管从 UGS 的背外侧出现 [7]。这两组导管将分别形成腹侧叶和背外侧叶。凝固腺或前前列腺源自每侧两个大芽，它们在颅内生长到与精囊相关的间质中[8]。在大鼠和小鼠中，前列腺管的分支主要发生在出生后。前列腺每个叶的分支模式都是独特的。腹侧前列腺的芽延伸到 UGS 的间质中，并经历广泛的二叉分枝，形成“榆树”结构 [7]。相比之下，背侧前列腺的导管最初伸长，没有分支。随后前列腺背管的导管分支导致每个主导管产生三到六个末端分支。侧叶的上皮芽从尿道与背侧组一起产生，但向腹侧前列腺腹侧生长。侧叶的导管分支模式与腹侧叶的导管分支模式相似[7]。新导管分支点和导管尖端的形态发生是局部 DNA 升高的结果
The ductal networks within the prostate originate from solid epithelial outgrowths (prostatic buds) that emerge from the endodermal urogenital sinus (UGS) immediately below the developing bladder and grow into the surroundings mesenchyme (loose undifferentiated fetal connective tissue). In the human fetus, the first epithelial buds arise from the prostatic urethra around the 10th week of gestation [1-5]. The ducts grow rapidly in length, arborize, and canalize. By 13 weeks there are approximately 70 primary ducts, some of which exhibit secretory cytodifferentiation [1, 3]. The prostatic buds arise from different parts of the prostatic urethra in five separate groups in humans [1]. This observation led Lowsley to originally propose the concept of prostatic lobes. In mouse fetuses, prostatic buds appear on the 17th day of gestation (vaginal plug= day zero), while in fetal rats they appear 1 to 2 days later [6]. In the mouse one to three main ducts per side emerge from the ventral aspect of the UGS, while about 20 to 25 ducts per side emerge from the dorsolateral aspect of the UGS [7]. These two groups of ducts will form the ventral and dorsolateral lobes, respectively. The coagulating gland or anterior prostate is derived from two large buds per side, which grow cranially into the mesenchyme associated with the seminal vesicle [8]. In rats and mice, branching of the prostatic ducts primarily occurs postnatally. Branching patterns are unique for each lobe of the prostate. Buds of the ventral prostate extend into the mesenchyme of the UGS and undergo extensive dichotomous branching to give an'elm tree'configuration [7]. By contrast, the ducts of the dorsal prostate initially elongate without branching. Subsequent ductal branching of dorsal prostatic ducts results in the generation of three to six terminal branches per main duct. Epithelial buds of the lateral lobe arise from the urethra with the dorsal group, but grow ventrally towards the ventral prostate. The ductal branching pattern of the lateral lobe resembles that of the ventral lobe [7]. Morphogenesis of new ductal branch points and ductal tips occurs as a result of locally elevated DNA