Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections
Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70522-8
复制
发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Gordin, FM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
French, AL;Benator, DA;Gordin, FM
获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）的流行使人们对非结核分枝杆菌的致病潜力有了更多的了解和尊重。鸟分枝杆菌复合体（MAC）已成为艾滋病最常见的全身性细菌感染，在晚期HIV感染患者中引起使人衰弱的播散性疾病。随着大环内酯类抗生素、克拉霉素和阿奇霉素的释放，已经开发出有效且耐受性良好的MAC治疗方案，其延长了生存期并提高了生活质量。大环内酯类和利福昔单抗也是有效的预防性治疗MAC的艾滋病患者。堪萨斯分枝杆菌可引起类似结核病的肺部疾病以及艾滋病的播散性疾病，可用异烟肼、利福平和乙胺丁醇治疗。其他非结核分枝杆菌在艾滋病的临床综合征和治疗方案也进行了审查。
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic has led to greater understanding and respect for the pathogenic potential of non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) has emerged as the most common systemic bacterial infection in AIDS, causing debilitating disseminated disease in late-stage HIV-infected patients. With the release of the macrolide antibiotics, clarithromycin and azithromycin, effective and well-tolerated therapeutic regimens for MAC have been developed which prolong survival and increase quality of life. The macrolides and rifabutin are also effective as preventive therapy for MAC in patients with AIDS. Mycobacterium kansasii, which causes pulmonary disease similar to tuberculosis as well as disseminated disease in AIDS, is treatable with isoniazid, rifampin and ethambutol. Clinical syndromes and therapeutic options for other non-tuberculous mycobacteria in AIDS are also reviewed.