Oil field souring control by nitrate-reducing Sulfurospirillum spp. that outcompete sulfate-reducing bacteria for organic electron donors
Oil field souring control by nitrate-reducing Sulfurospirillum spp. that outcompete sulfate-reducing bacteria for organic electron donors
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02332-06
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Voordouw, Gerrit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hubert, Casey;Voordouw, Gerrit
向油藏中注入硝酸盐可以防止和修复酸化，硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）产生硫化氢。硝酸盐刺激硝酸盐还原菌、硫化物氧化菌（NR-NRB）和异养硝酸盐还原菌（hNRB）与SRB竞争可降解的石油有机物。上流式填充床生物反应器接种从油田产生的水，并注入乳酸盐，硫酸盐和硝酸盐作为分离几种NRB，包括硫杆菌和Thauera spp。前者将硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐和氨与乳酸盐（hNRB活性）或硫化物（NR-活性）的氧化偶联。在接受12.5 mM乳酸盐和6、2、0.75或0.013 mM硫酸盐的生物反应器中进行酸化控制总是需要注入10 mM硝酸盐，而与硫酸盐浓度无关。社区分析表明，在所有，但最低的硫酸盐浓度（0.013毫米），显着的SRB存在。在0.013 mM硫酸盐，直接hNRB介导的氧化乳酸的硝酸盐似乎是占主导地位的机制。没有显着的SRB表明，硫循环不会发生在这样低的硫酸盐浓度。代谢多样性硫杆菌属（Sulfurophyllum spp.）当硝酸盐存在于生物反应器中时占主导地位。脱硫弧菌菌株Lac 3、Lac 6或Lac 15与硫菌属菌株KW共培养物的分析表明，其hNRB活性和产生抑制浓度的亚硝酸盐的能力是其成功胜过油田SRB的关键因素。
Nitrate injection into oil reservoirs can prevent and remediate souring, the production of hydrogen sulfide by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Nitrate stimulates nitrate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (NR-SOB) and heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria (hNRB) that compete with SRB for degradable oil organics. Up-flow, packed-bed bioreactors inoculated with water produced from an oil field and injected with lactate, sulfate, and nitrate served as sources for isolating several NRB, including Sulfurospirillum and Thauera spp. The former coupled reduction nitrate to nitrite and ammonia with oxidation of either lactate (hNRB activity) or sulfide (NR-SOB activity). Souring control in a bioreactor receiving 12.5 mM lactate and 6, 2, 0.75, or 0.013 mM sulfate always required injection of 10 mM nitrate, irrespective of the sulfate concentration. Community analysis revealed that at all but the lowest sulfate concentration (0.013 mM), significant SRB were present. At 0.013 mM sulfate, direct hNRB-mediated oxidation of lactate by nitrate appeared to be the dominant mechanism. The absence of significant SRB indicated that sulfur cycling does not occur at such low sulfate concentrations. The metabolically versatile Sulfurospirillum spp. were dominant when nitrate was present in the bioreactor. Analysis of cocultures of Desulfovibrio sp. strain Lac3, Lac6, or Lac15 and Sulfurospirillum sp. strain KW indicated its hNRB activity and ability to produce inhibitory concentrations of nitrite to be key factors for it to successfully outcompete oil field SRB.