Mating trials validate the use of DNA barcoding to reveal cryptic speciation of a marine bryozoan taxon
Mating trials validate the use of DNA barcoding to reveal cryptic speciation of a marine bryozoan taxon
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2006.3718
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发表时间：
2007-01-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Hughes, Roger N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gomez, Africa;Wright, Peter J.;Hughes, Roger N.
尽管海洋环境面临的威胁日益增加，但仅描述了海洋生物多样性的一小部分，部分原因是隐秘物种的广泛存在。面对分类学专业知识的不断减少和传统物种鉴定的局限性，通过筛选直系同源参考基因进行基于 DNA 的条形码已被提议作为揭示生物多样性的强大工具。尽管 DNA 条形码在海洋中特别有用，但考虑到海洋隐秘物种的普遍存在，通过 DNA 条形码识别的类群与生殖隔离类群（生物物种）之间的联系很少经过明确测试。在这里，我们使用一个综合框架来比较全球分布的海洋苔藓虫 Celleporella hyalina (L.) 样本中的育种相容性、形态以及线粒体（细胞色素 C 氧化酶 1）和核（延伸因子-1-α）DNA 序列变异。我们的结果表明，C. hyalina 包含许多深层的、主要是异域的遗传谱系，这些谱系是生殖隔离的，但具有非常相似的形态，表明猖獗的神秘物种形成。在最小形态变化的背景下，遗传谱系和生殖隔离类群之间的密切对应表明，DNA条形码将在揭示海洋隐藏的生物多样性方面发挥主导作用，并且仅使用基于形态的分类学将严重低估海洋物种的数量。
Despite increasing threats to the marine environment, only a fraction of the biodiversity of the oceans has been described, owing in part to the widespread occurrence of cryptic species. DNA-based barcoding through screening of an orthologous reference gene has been proposed as a powerful tool to uncover biological diversity in the face of dwindling taxonomic expertise and the limitations of traditional species identification. Although DNA barcoding should be particularly useful in the sea, given the prevalence of marine cryptic species, the link between taxa identified through DNA barcodes and reproductively isolated taxa ( biological species) has rarely been explicitly tested. Here, we use an integrated framework comparing breeding compatibility, morphology and mitochondrial ( cytochrome c oxidase 1) and nuclear ( elongation factor-1-alpha) DNA sequence variation among globally distributed samples of the cosmopolitan marine bryozoan Celleporella hyalina ( L.). Our results reveal that C. hyalina comprises numerous deep, mostly allopatric, genetic lineages that are reproductively isolated, yet share very similar morphology, indicating rampant cryptic speciation. The close correspondence between genetic lineages and reproductively isolated taxa in the context of minimal morphological change suggests that DNA barcoding will play a leading role in uncovering the hidden biodiversity of the oceans and that the sole use of morphologically based taxonomy would grossly underestimate the number of marine species.