Net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs (NANI) index application in Mainland China
Net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs (NANI) index application in Mainland China
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人为氮净输入（NANI）指数在中国大陆的应用
DOI：
10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.07.019
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Wang, Chengzhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han, Yuguo;Fan, Yuntao;Wang, Chengzhi
本研究对氮素的来源有了新的认识，并为进一步探讨人类活动对氮素输入的影响奠定了基础。人为氮净输入（NANI）的估计是基于大气氮沉降，氮肥使用，人类食物和动物饲料中的氮，播种氮和氮固定的清单。本研究进一步在区域尺度上对NANI进行了详细的计算，并分析了其时间变化和地理差异。在过去的28年中，中国大陆的NANI显著增加，从2360 kg N km（-2）yr（-1）增加到5013 kg N km（-2）yr（-1）。在地理上，我国八大流域的东南部地区NANI值高于西北部地区，最大的NANI值出现在上海，为26160 kg N km（-2）yr（-1）。海河流域、淮河流域和太湖流域对应的行政区域NANI最大。化肥氮输入是NANI的最大来源，其次是大气氮沉降和固氮。影响NANI变化的主要因素是总人口密度，其次是耕地面积和粮食总产量。在人口密集的大城市和小流域，合理配置社会资源，降低现有人口密度是解决高N投入问题的最有效途径;而在农业为主的地区和小流域，提高农业肥料利用效率是降低NANI的最有效途径。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
This study provides a new understanding to sources of nitrogen (N), and may serve as a foundation for further exploration of anthropogenic effects on N inputs. Estimation of net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs (NANI) was based on an inventory of atmospheric N deposition, N fertilizer use, N in human food and animal feed, seeding N and N fixation. This study took a step forward to calculate NANI in detail on a regional scale, and analyzed its temporal variations and geographic differences. Over the past 28 years, NANI increased significantly in Mainland China, from 2360 kg N km(-2) yr(-1) to 5013 kg N km(-2) yr(-1). On a geographical basis, NANI was higher in southeast where China's eight major watersheds are located than in northwest, and the largest NANI, 26160 kg N km(-2) yr(-1), appeared in Shanghai. The administrative regions corresponding to Haihe watershed, Huaihe watershed and Tai lake watershed have the largest NANI. N input of fertilizer is the largest source of NANI, followed by atmospheric N deposition and N fixation. The primary factor in relation to the change in NANI is total population density, followed by cultivated land area and total grain yield. In those densely populated large cities and watersheds, reasonably allocating the social resources to reduce the existing population density is the most effective way to address the problem of high N inputs, while in those agriculture-dominated regions and watersheds, the most effective way for reducing NANI is to improve fertilizer utilization efficiency in agriculture. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.