Formation of robust bound states of interacting microwave photons.
Formation of robust bound states of interacting microwave photons.
复制标题
相互作用微波光子强束缚态的形成。
DOI：
10.1038/s41586-022-05348-y
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发表时间：
2022-12
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Roushan, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morvan, A.;Andersen, T. I.;Mi, X.;Neill, C.;Petukhov, A.;Kechedzhi, K.;Abanin, D. A.;Michailidis, A.;Acharya, R.;Arute, F.;Arya, K.;Asfaw, A.;Atalaya, J.;Bardin, J. C.;Basso, J.;Bengtsson, A.;Bortoli, G.;Bourassa, A.;Bovaird, J.;Brill, L.;Broughton, M.;Buckley, B. B.;Buell, D. A.;Burger, T.;Burkett, B.;Bushnell, N.;Chen, Z.;Chiaro, B.;Collins, R.;Conner, P.;Courtney, W.;Crook, A. L.;Curtin, B.;Debroy, D. M.;Barba, A. Del Toro;Demura, S.;Dunsworth, A.;Eppens, D.;Erickson, C.;Faoro, L.;Farhi, E.;Fatemi, R.;Burgos, L. Flores;Forati, E.;Fowler, A. G.;Foxen, B.;Giang, W.;Gidney, C.;Gilboa, D.;Giustina, M.;Dau, A. Grajales;Gross, J. A.;Habegger, S.;Hamilton, M. C.;Harrigan, M. P.;Harrington, S. D.;Hoffmann, M.;Hong, S.;Huang, T.;Huff, A.;Huggins, W. J.;Isakov, S. V.;Iveland, J.;Jeffrey, E.;Jiang, Z.;Jones, C.;Juhas, P.;Kafri, D.;Khattar, T.;Khezri, M.;Kieferova, M.;Kim, S.;Kitaev, A. Y.;Klimov, P. V.;Klots, A. R.;Korotkov, A. N.;Kostritsa, F.;Kreikebaum, J. M.;Landhuis, D.;Laptev, P.;Lau, K. -m.;Laws, L.;Lee, J.;Lee, K. W.;Lester, B. J.;Lill, A. T.;Liu, W.;Locharla, A.;Malone, F.;Martin, O.;McClean, J. R.;McEwen, M.;Meurer Costa, B.;Miao, K. C.;Mohseni, M.;Montazeri, S.;Mount, E.;Mruczkiewicz, W.;Naaman, O.;Neeley, M.;Nersisyan, A.;Newman, M.;Nguyen, A.;Nguyen, M.;Niu, M. Y.;O'Brien, T. E.;Olenewa, R.;Opremcak, A.;Potter, R.;Quintana, C.;Rubin, N. C.;Saei, N.;Sank, D.;Sankaragomathi, K.;Satzinger, K. J.;Schurkus, H. F.;Schuster, C.;Shearn, M. J.;Shorter, A.;Shvarts, V.;Skruzny, J.;Smith, W. C.;Strain, D.;Sterling, G.;Su, Y.;Szalay, M.;Torres, A.;Vidal, G.;Villalonga, B.;Vollgraff-Heidweiller, C.;White, T.;Xing, C.;Yao, Z.;Yeh, P.;Yoo, J.;Zalcman, A.;Zhang, Y.;Zhu, N.;Neven, H.;Bacon, D.;Hilton, J.;Lucero, E.;Babbush, R.;Boixo, S.;Megrant, A.;Kelly, J.;Chen, Y.;Smelyanskiy, V.;Aleiner, I.;Ioffe, L. B.;Roushan, P.
关联粒子系统出现在现代科学的许多领域，代表了自然界中一些最棘手的计算问题。当相互作用变得与其他能量尺度相当时，这些系统中的计算挑战就会出现，这使得每个粒子的状态取决于所有其他粒子。三体问题的普遍解和强关联电子的可接受理论的缺乏表明，当粒子数量或相互作用强度增加时，我们对关联系统的理解会逐渐消失。相互作用系统的标志之一是多粒子束缚态的形成。在这里，我们开发了一个高保真度的可参数化fSim门，并在24个超导量子位的环中实现了自旋½ XXZ模型的周期量子电路。我们研究了这些激发的传播，并观察到它们的约束性质高达五个光子。我们设计了一种相位敏感的方法来构造束缚态的少体谱，并通过引入合成通量来提取它们的赝荷。通过引入环和额外的量子位之间的相互作用，我们观察到一个意想不到的弹性的束缚态的可积性打破。这一发现与不可积系统中的束缚态在其能量与连续谱重叠时不稳定的观点背道而驰。我们的工作为相互作用光子的束缚态提供了实验证据，并发现了它们在可积极限之外的稳定性。对自旋1/2 Floquet XXZ模型动力学的实验研究发现了预测的束缚态，以及当理论描述开始失败时对噪声和不可积性的鲁棒性。
Systems of correlated particles appear in many fields of modern science and represent some of the most intractable computational problems in nature. The computational challenge in these systems arises when interactions become comparable to other energy scales, which makes the state of each particle depend on all other particles. The lack of general solutions for the three-body problem and acceptable theory for strongly correlated electrons shows that our understanding of correlated systems fades when the particle number or the interaction strength increases. One of the hallmarks of interacting systems is the formation of multiparticle bound states. Here we develop a high-fidelity parameterizable fSim gate and implement the periodic quantum circuit of the spin-½ XXZ model in a ring of 24 superconducting qubits. We study the propagation of these excitations and observe their bound nature for up to five photons. We devise a phase-sensitive method for constructing the few-body spectrum of the bound states and extract their pseudo-charge by introducing a synthetic flux. By introducing interactions between the ring and additional qubits, we observe an unexpected resilience of the bound states to integrability breaking. This finding goes against the idea that bound states in non-integrable systems are unstable when their energies overlap with the continuum spectrum. Our work provides experimental evidence for bound states of interacting photons and discovers their stability beyond the integrability limit. An experimental investigation of the dynamics of the spin ½ Floquet XXZ model finds bound states as predicted, and also robustness to noise and non-integrability when theoretical descriptions start to fail.
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通讯作者：
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