Immune responses to human papillomavirus
Immune responses to human papillomavirus
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.09.002
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发表时间：
2006-03-30
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Stanley, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stanley, M
免疫系统使用先天免疫和适应性免疫来识别和对抗入侵人体的外来因子，但这些方法有时对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）无效。HPV有几种避开免疫系统的机制。HPV感染并在角质形成细胞中繁殖，角质形成细胞远离免疫中心，寿命自然较短。角质形成细胞的自然生命周期较短，避免了病毒破坏细胞的需要，而破坏细胞会引发炎症和免疫反应。此外，HPV下调干扰素基因的表达。尽管病毒免疫逃避，免疫系统有效地排斥大多数HPV感染，并与强大的局部细胞介导的免疫反应有关。针对HPV 16和18以及HPV 6、11、16和18的新型预防性L1病毒样蛋白疫苗正在进行3期试验。现有数据表明，这些疫苗是安全的，能产生高水平的抗体，并能有效预防HPV感染。(c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd版权所有。
The immune system uses innate and adaptive immunity to recognize and combat foreign agents that invade the body, but these methods are sometimes ineffective against human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV has several mechanisms for avoiding the immune system. HPV infects, and multiplies in keratinocytes, which are distant from immune centers and have a naturally short lifespan. The naturally short life cycle of the keratinocyte circumvents the need for the virus to destroy the cell, which would trigger inflammation and immune response. In addition, HPV downregulates the expression of interferon genes. Despite viral immune evasion, the immune system effectively repels most HPV infections, and is associated with strong localized cell mediated immune responses. New prophylactic L1 virus-like protein vaccines for HPV 16 and 18 and HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18 are in phase 3 trials. Available data suggests that these vaccines are safe, produce high levels of antibodies, and are effective at preventing HPV infection. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.